spring-security/docs/manual/src/docbook/appendix-namespace.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<appendix version="5.0" xml:id="appendix-namespace" xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"
    xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
    <info>
        <title>The Security Namespace</title>
    </info>
    <para> This appendix provides a reference to the elements available in the security namespace
        and information on the underlying beans they create (a knowledge of the individual classes
        and how they work together is assumed - you can find more information in the project Javadoc
        and elsewhere in this document). If you haven't used the namespace before, please read the
        <link xlink:href="#ns-config">introductory chapter</link> on namespace configuration, as
        this is intended as a supplement to the information there. Using a good quality XML editor
        while editing a configuration based on the schema is recommended as this will provide
        contextual information on which elements and attributes are available as well as comments
        explaining their purpose. The namespace is written in <link
        xlink:href="http://www.relaxng.org/">RELAX NG</link> Compact format and later converted into
        an XSD schema. If you are familiar with this format, you may wish to examine the <link
        xlink:href="https://fisheye.springsource.org/browse/spring-security/config/src/main/resources/org/springframework/security/config/spring-security-3.2.rnc"
        >schema file</link> directly.</para>
    <section xml:id="nsa-web">
        <title>Web Application Security</title>
        <section xml:id="nsa-debug">
            <title><literal>&lt;debug&gt;</literal></title>
            <para>Enables Spring Security debugging infrastructure. This will provide human-readable (multi-line)
                debugging information to monitor requests coming into the security filters. This may include sensitive
                information, such as request parameters or headers, and should only be used in a development
                environment.</para>
        </section>
        <section xml:id="nsa-http">
            <title><literal>&lt;http&gt;</literal></title>
            <para> If you use an <literal>&lt;http&gt;</literal> element within your application, a
                <classname>FilterChainProxy</classname> bean named "springSecurityFilterChain" is
                created and the configuration within the element is used to build a filter chain within
                <classname>FilterChainProxy</classname>. As of Spring Security 3.1, additional
                <literal>http</literal> elements can be used to add extra filter chains <footnote>
                <para>See the <link xlink:href="#ns-web-xml">introductory chapter</link> for how to set
                    up the mapping from your <literal>web.xml</literal></para>
                </footnote>. Some core filters are always created in a filter chain and others will be
                added to the stack depending on the attributes and child elements which are present. The
                positions of the standard filters are fixed (see <link xlink:href="#filter-stack">the
                filter order table</link> in the namespace introduction), removing a common source of
                errors with previous versions of the framework when users had to configure the filter
                chain explicitly in the <classname>FilterChainProxy</classname> bean. You can, of course,
                still do this if you need full control of the configuration. </para>
            <para> All filters which require a reference to the
                <interfacename>AuthenticationManager</interfacename> will be automatically injected with
                the internal instance created by the namespace configuration (see the <link
                xlink:href="#ns-auth-manager">introductory chapter</link> for more on the
                <interfacename>AuthenticationManager</interfacename>). </para>
            <para> Each <literal>&lt;http&gt;</literal> namespace block always creates an
                <classname>SecurityContextPersistenceFilter</classname>, an
                <classname>ExceptionTranslationFilter</classname> and a
                <classname>FilterSecurityInterceptor</classname>. These are fixed and cannot be replaced
                with alternatives. </para>
            <section xml:id="nsa-http-attributes">
                <title><literal>&lt;http&gt;</literal> Attributes</title>
                <para> The attributes on the <literal>&lt;http&gt;</literal> element control some of the
                    properties on the core filters. </para>
                <section xml:id="nsa-http-access-decision-manager-ref">
                    <title><literal>access-decision-manager-ref</literal></title>
                    <para> Optional attribute specifying the ID of the
                        <interfacename>AccessDecisionManager</interfacename> implementation which should
                        be used for authorizing HTTP requests. By default an
                        <classname>AffirmativeBased</classname> implementation is used for with a
                        <classname>RoleVoter</classname> and an
                        <classname>AuthenticatedVoter</classname>. </para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-http-access-denied-page">
                    <title><literal>access-denied-page</literal></title>
                    <para> Deprecated in favour of the <link xlink:href="#nsa-access-denied-handler">access-denied-handler</link>
                        child element.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-http-authentication-manager-ref">
                    <title><literal>authentication-manager-ref</literal></title>
                    <para>A reference to the <interfacename>AuthenticationManager</interfacename> used for the
                        <classname>FilterChain</classname> created by this http element.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-http-auto-config">
                    <title><literal>auto-config</literal></title>
                    <para>Automatically registers a login form, BASIC authentication, logout
                        services. If set to "true", all of these capabilities are added
                        (although you can still customize the configuration of each by providing the respective element). If
                        unspecified, defaults to "false". Use of this attribute is not recommended. Use explicit
                        configuration elements instead to avoid confusion.
                    </para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-http-create-session">
                    <title><literal>create-session</literal></title>
                    <para>Controls the eagerness with which an HTTP session is created by Spring Security classes.
                        Options include:
                        <itemizedlist>
                            <listitem>
                                <literal>always</literal> - Spring Security will proactively create a session if one
                                does not exist.
                            </listitem>
                            <listitem>
                                <literal>ifRequired</literal> - Spring Security will only create a session only if one
                                is required (default value).
                            </listitem>
                            <listitem>
                                <literal>never</literal> - Spring Security will never create a session, but will
                                make use of one if the application does.</listitem>
                            <listitem>
                                <literal>stateless</literal> - Spring Security will not create a session and ignore the
                                session for obtaining a Spring <interfacename>Authentication</interfacename>.
                            </listitem>
                        </itemizedlist>
                    </para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-http-disable-url-rewriting">
                    <title><literal>disable-url-rewriting</literal></title>
                    <para>Prevents session IDs from being appended to URLs in the application. Clients
                        must use cookies if this attribute is set to <literal>true</literal>. The default is
                        <literal>false</literal>.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-http-entry-point-ref">
                    <title><literal>entry-point-ref</literal></title>
                    <para> Normally the <interfacename>AuthenticationEntryPoint</interfacename> used
                        will be set depending on which authentication mechanisms have been configured.
                        This attribute allows this behaviour to be overridden by defining a customized
                        <interfacename>AuthenticationEntryPoint</interfacename> bean which will start
                        the authentication process.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-http-jaas-api-provision">
                    <title><literal>jaas-api-provision</literal></title>
                    <para>If available, runs the request as the <literal>Subject</literal> acquired from
                        the <classname>JaasAuthenticationToken</classname> which is implemented by
                        adding a <classname>JaasApiIntegrationFilter</classname> bean to the stack.
                        Defaults to <literal>false</literal>.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-http-name">
                    <title><literal>name</literal></title>
                    <para>A bean identifier, used for referring to the bean elsewhere in the context.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-http-once-per-request">
                    <title><literal>once-per-request</literal></title>
                    <para>Corresponds to the <literal>observeOncePerRequest</literal> property of
                        <classname>FilterSecurityInterceptor</classname>. Defaults to <literal>true</literal>.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-http-path-type">
                    <title><literal>path-type</literal></title>
                    <para>Deprecated in favor of <link xlink:href="#nsa-http-request-matcher">request-matcher</link>.
                        </para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-http-pattern">
                    <title><literal>pattern</literal></title>
                    <para>Defining a pattern for the <link xlink:href="#nsa-http">http</link> element controls the
                        requests which will be filtered through the list of filters which it defines.
                        The interpretation is dependent on the configured <link
                        xlink:href="#nsa-http-request-matcher">request-matcher</link>. If no pattern is defined,
                        all requests will be matched, so the most specific patterns should be declared
                        first.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-http-realm">
                    <title><literal>realm</literal></title>
                    <para>Sets the realm name used for basic authentication (if enabled). Corresponds
                        to the <literal>realmName</literal> property on
                        <classname>BasicAuthenticationEntryPoint</classname>.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-http-request-matcher">
                    <title><literal>request-matcher</literal></title>
                    <para>Defines the <interfacename>RequestMatcher</interfacename> strategy used in
                        the <classname>FilterChainProxy</classname> and the beans created by the
                        <literal>intercept-url</literal> to match incoming requests. Options are
                        currently <literal>ant</literal>, <literal>regex</literal> and
                        <literal>ciRegex</literal>, for ant, regular-expression and case-insensitive
                        regular-expression repsectively. A separate instance is created for each
                        <link xlink:href="#nsa-intercept-url">intercept-url</link> element using its
                        <link xlink:href="#nsa-intercept-url-pattern">pattern</link> and
                        <link xlink:href="#nsa-intercept-url-method">method</link> attributes. Ant paths
                        are matched using an <classname>AntPathRequestMatcher</classname> and regular expressions
                        are matched using a <classname>RegexRequestMatcher</classname>. See the Javadoc
                        for these classes for more details on exactly how the matching is preformed. Ant
                        paths are the default strategy.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-http-request-matcher-ref">
                    <title><literal>request-matcher-ref</literal></title>
                    <para>A referenece to a bean that implements <interfacename>RequestMatcher</interfacename> that
                        will determine if this <classname>FilterChain</classname> should be used. This is a more
                        powerful alternative to <link xlink:href="#nsa-http-pattern">pattern</link>.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-http-security">
                    <title><literal>security</literal></title>
                    <para>A request pattern can be mapped to an empty filter chain, by setting this
                        attribute to <literal>none</literal>. No security will be applied and none of
                        Spring Security's features will be available.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-http-security-context-repository-ref">
                    <title><literal>security-context-repository-ref</literal></title>
                    <para>Allows injection of a custom
                        <interfacename>SecurityContextRepository</interfacename> into the
                        <classname>SecurityContextPersistenceFilter</classname>.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-http-servlet-api-provision">
                    <title><literal>servlet-api-provision</literal></title>
                    <para>Provides versions of <literal>HttpServletRequest</literal> security methods
                        such as <literal>isUserInRole()</literal> and <literal>getPrincipal()</literal>
                        which are implemented by adding a
                        <classname>SecurityContextHolderAwareRequestFilter</classname> bean to the
                        stack. Defaults to <literal>true</literal>.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-http-use-expressions">
                    <title><literal>use-expressions</literal></title>
                    <para>Enables EL-expressions in the <literal>access</literal> attribute, as
                        described in the chapter on <link xlink:href="#el-access-web">expression-based
                        access-control</link>.</para>
                </section>
            </section>
            <section xml:id="nsa-http-children">
                <title>Child Elements of &lt;http&gt;</title>
                <itemizedlist>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-access-denied-handler">access-denied-handler</link></listitem>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-anonymous">anonymous</link></listitem>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-custom-filter">custom-filter</link></listitem>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-expression-handler">expression-handler</link></listitem>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-form-login">form-login</link></listitem>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-headers">headers</link></listitem>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-http-basic">http-basic</link></listitem>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-intercept-url">intercept-url</link></listitem>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-jee">jee</link></listitem>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-logout">logout</link></listitem>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-openid-login">openid-login</link></listitem>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-port-mappings">port-mappings</link></listitem>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-remember-me">remember-me</link></listitem>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-request-cache">request-cache</link></listitem>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-session-management">session-management</link></listitem>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-x509">x509</link></listitem>
                </itemizedlist>
            </section>
        </section>
        <section xml:id="nsa-access-denied-handler">
            <title><literal>&lt;access-denied-handler&gt;</literal></title>
            <para>This element allows you to set the <literal>errorPage</literal> property for the
                default <interfacename>AccessDeniedHandler</interfacename> used by the
                <classname>ExceptionTranslationFilter</classname>, using the
                <link xlink:href="#nsa-access-denied-handler-error-page">error-page</link> attribute, or
                to supply your own implementation using the
                <link xlink:href="#nsa-access-denied-handler-ref">ref</link> attribute. This is discussed
                in more detail in the section on the <link xlink:href="#access-denied-handler">
                <classname>ExceptionTranslationFilter</classname></link>.</para>
            <section xml:id="nsa-access-denied-handler-parents">
                <title>Parent Elements of <literal>&lt;access-denied-handler&gt;</literal></title>
                <itemizedlist>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-http">http</link></listitem>
                </itemizedlist>
            </section>
            <section xml:id="nsa-access-denied-handler-attributes">
                <title><literal>&lt;access-denied-handler&gt;</literal> Attributes</title>
                <section xml:id="nsa-access-denied-handler-error-page">
                    <title><literal>error-page</literal></title>
                    <para>The access denied page that an authenticated user will be redirected to if they request a
                        page which they don't have the authority to access.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-access-denied-handler-ref">
                    <title><literal>ref</literal></title>
                    <para>Defines a reference to a Spring bean of type <interfacename>AccessDeniedHandler
                        </interfacename>.</para>
                </section>
            </section>
        </section>
        <section xml:id="nsa-headers">
            <title><literal>&lt;headers&gt;</literal></title>
            <para>This element allows for configuring additional (security) headers to be send with the response.
                It enables easy configuration for several headers and also allows for setting custom headers through
                the <link xlink:href="#nsa-header">header</link> element.
                <itemizedlist>
                    <listitem><literal>Cache-Control</literal> and <literal>Pragma</literal> - Can be set using the
                        <link xlink:href="#nsa-cache-control">cache-control</link> element. This ensures that the
                        browser does not cache your secured pages.</listitem>
                    <listitem><literal>Strict-Transport-Security</literal> - Can be set using the
                        <link xlink:href="#nsa-hsts">hsts</link> element. This ensures that the
                        browser automatically requests HTTPS for future requests.</listitem>
                    <listitem><literal>X-Frame-Options</literal> - Can be set using the
                        <link xlink:href="#nsa-frame-options">frame-options</link> element. The
                        <link xlink:href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clickjacking#X-Frame-Options">X-Frame-Options
                        </link> header can be used to prevent clickjacking attacks.</listitem>
                    <listitem><literal>X-XSS-Protection</literal> - Can be set using the
                        <link xlink:href="#nsa-xss-protection">xss-protection</link> element.
                        The <link xlink:href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-site_scripting">X-XSS-Protection
                        </link> header can be used by browser to do basic control.</listitem>
                    <listitem><literal>X-Content-Type-Options</literal> - Can be set using the
                        <link xlink:href="#nsa-content-type-options">content-type-options</link> element. The
                        <a href="http://blogs.msdn.com/b/ie/archive/2008/09/02/ie8-security-part-vi-beta-2-update.aspx">X-Content-Type-Options</a>
                        header prevents Internet Explorer from MIME-sniffing a response away from the declared
                        content-type. This also applies to Google Chrome, when downloading extensions. </listitem>
                </itemizedlist>
            </para>
            <section xml:id="nsa-headers-parents">
                <title>Parent Elements of <literal>&lt;headers&gt;</literal></title>
                <itemizedlist>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-http">http</link></listitem>
                </itemizedlist>
            </section>
            <section xml:id="nsa-headers-children">
                <title>Child Elements of <literal>&lt;headers&gt;</literal></title>
                <itemizedlist>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-cache-control">cache-control</link></listitem>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-content-type-options">content-type-options</link></listitem>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-frame-options">frame-options</link></listitem>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-header">header</link></listitem>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-hsts">hsts</link></listitem>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-xss-protection">xss-protection</link></listitem>
                </itemizedlist>
            </section>
        </section>
        <section xml:id="nsa-cache-control">
            <title><literal>&lt;cache-control&gt;</literal></title>
            <para>Adds <literal>Cache-Control</literal> and <literal>Pragma</literal> headers to ensure that the
                browser does not cache your secured pages.</para>
            <section xml:id="nsa-cache-control-parents">
                <title>Parent Elements of <literal>&lt;cache-control&gt;</literal></title>
                <itemizedlist>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-headers">headers</link></listitem>
                </itemizedlist>
            </section>
        </section>
        <section xml:id="nsa-hsts">
            <title><literal>&lt;hsts&gt;</literal></title>
            <para>When enabled adds the <link xlink:href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6797">Strict-Transport-Security</link> header to the response
                for any secure request. This allows the server to instruct browsers to automatically use HTTPS for future requests.</para>
            <section xml:id="nsa-hsts-attributes">
                <title><literal>&lt;hsts&gt;</literal> Attributes</title>
                <section xml:id="nsa-hsts-include-subdomains">
                    <title><literal>include-sub-domains</literal></title>
                    <para>
                        Specifies if subdomains should be included. Default true.
                    </para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-hsts-max-age-seconds">
                    <title><literal>max-age-seconds</literal></title>
                    <para>
                        Specifies the maximum ammount of time the host should be considered a Known HSTS Host. Default one year.
                    </para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-hsts-request-matcher-ref">
                    <title><literal>request-matcher-ref</literal></title>
                    <para>
                        The RequestMatcher instance to be used to determine if the header should be set. Default is if HttpServletRequest.isSecure() is true.
                    </para>
                </section>
            </section>
             <section xml:id="nsa-hsts-parents">
                <title>Parent Elements of <literal>&lt;hsts&gt;</literal></title>
                <itemizedlist>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-headers">headers</link></listitem>
                </itemizedlist>
            </section>
        </section>
        <section xml:id="nsa-frame-options">
            <title><literal>&lt;frame-options&gt;</literal></title>
            <para>When enabled adds the <link xlink:href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-websec-x-frame-options">X-Frame-Options header</link> to the response, this allows newer browsers to do some security
                 checks and prevent <link xlink:href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clickjacking">clickjacking</link> attacks.</para>
            <section xml:id="nsa-frame-options-attributes">
                <title><literal>&lt;frame-options&gt;</literal> Attributes</title>
                <section xml:id="nsa-frame-options-policy">
                    <title><literal>frame-options-policy</literal></title>
                    <para>
                        <itemizedlist>
                            <listitem><literal>DENY</literal> The page cannot be displayed in a frame, regardless of
                                the site attempting to do so. This is the default when frame-options-policy is specified.</listitem>
                            <listitem><literal>SAMEORIGIN</literal> The page can only be displayed in a frame on the
                                same origin as the page itself</listitem>
                            <listitem><literal>ALLOW-FROM <link xlink:href="#nsa-frame-options-origin">origin</link></literal>
                                The page can only be displayed in a frame on the specified origin.
                            </listitem>
                        </itemizedlist>
                        In other words, if you specify DENY, not only will attempts to load the page in a frame fail
                        when loaded from other sites, attempts to do so will fail when loaded from the same site. On the
                        other hand, if you specify SAMEORIGIN, you can still use the page in a frame as long as the site
                        including it in a frame it is the same as the one serving the page.
                    </para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-frame-options-strategy">
                    <title><literal>frame-options-strategy</literal></title>
                    <para>
                        Select the <classname>AllowFromStrategy</classname> to use when using the ALLOW-FROM policy.
                        <itemizedlist>
                            <listitem><literal>static</literal> Use a single static ALLOW-FROM value. The value can be set
                            through the <link xlink:href="#nsa-frame-options-value">value</link> attribute.
                            </listitem>
                            <listitem><literal>regexp</literal> Use a regelur expression to validate incoming requests and
                            if they are allowed. The regular expression can be set through the <link xlink:href="#nsa-frame-options-value">value</link>
                            attribute. The request parameter used to retrieve the value to validate can be specified
                            using the <link xlink:href="#nsa-frame-options-from-parameter">from-parameter</link>.
                            </listitem>
                            <listitem><literal>whitelist</literal>A comma-seperated list containing the allowed domains.
                                The comma-seperated list can be set through the <link xlink:href="#nsa-frame-options-value">value</link>
                                attribute. The request parameter used to retrieve the value to validate can be specified
                                using the <link xlink:href="#nsa-frame-options-from-parameter">from-parameter</link>.
                            </listitem>
                        </itemizedlist>
                    </para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-frame-options-ref">
                    <title><literal>frame-options-ref</literal></title>
                    <para>
                        Instead of using one of the predefined strategies it is also possible to use a custom <classname>AllowFromStrategy</classname>.
                        The reference to this bean can be specified through this ref attribute.
                    </para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-frame-options-value">
                    <title><literal>frame-options-value</literal></title>
                    <para>The value to use when ALLOW-FROM is used a <link xlink:href="#nsa-frame-options-strategy">strategy</link>.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-frame-options-from-parameter">
                    <title><literal>frame-options-from-parameter</literal></title>
                    <para>
                        Specify the name of the request parameter to use when using regexp or whitelist for the ALLOW-FROM
                        strategy.
                    </para>
                </section>
            </section>
             <section xml:id="nsa-frame-options-parents">
                <title>Parent Elements of <literal>&lt;frame-options&gt;</literal></title>
                <itemizedlist>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-headers">headers</link></listitem>
                </itemizedlist>
            </section>
        </section>
        <section xml:id="nsa-xss-protection">
            <title><literal>&lt;xss-protection&gt;</literal></title>
            <para>Adds the <a href="http://blogs.msdn.com/b/ie/archive/2008/07/02/ie8-security-part-iv-the-xss-filter.aspx">X-XSS-Protection header</a>
                to the response to assist in protecting against <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-site_scripting#Non-Persistent">reflected / “Type-1” Cross-Site Scripting (XSS)</a>
                attacks. This is in no-way a full protection to XSS attacks!</para>
            <section xml:id="nsa-xss-protection-attributes">
                <section xml:id="nsa-xss-protection-enabled">
                    <title><literal>xss-protection-enabled</literal></title>
                    <para>Enable or Disable <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-site_scripting#Non-Persistent">reflected / “Type-1” Cross-Site Scripting (XSS)</a> protection.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-xss-protection-block">
                    <title><literal>xss-protection-block</literal></title>
                    <para>When true and xss-protection-enabled is true, adds mode=block to the header. This indicates to the browser that the
                        page should not be loaded at all. When false and xss-protection-enabled is true, the page will still be rendered when
                        an reflected attack is detected but the response will be modified to protect against the attack. Note that there are
                        sometimes ways of bypassing this mode which can often times make blocking the page more desirable.</para>
                </section>
            </section>
            <section xml:id="nsa-xss-protection-parents">
                <title>Parent Elements of <literal>&lt;xss-protection&gt;</literal></title>
                <itemizedlist>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-headers">headers</link></listitem>
                </itemizedlist>
            </section>
        </section>
        <section xml:id="nsa-content-type-options">
            <title><literal>&lt;content-type-options&gt;</literal></title>
            <para>Add the X-Content-Type-Options header with the value of nosniff to the response. This
                <a href="http://blogs.msdn.com/b/ie/archive/2008/09/02/ie8-security-part-vi-beta-2-update.aspx">disables MIME-sniffing</a>
                for IE8+ and Chrome extensions.</para>
            <section xml:id="nsa-content-type-options-parents">
                <title>Parent Elements of <literal>&lt;content-type-options&gt;</literal></title>
                <itemizedlist>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-headers">headers</link></listitem>
                </itemizedlist>
            </section>
        </section>
        <section xml:id="nsa-header">
            <title><literal>&lt;header&gt;</literal></title>
            <para>Add additional headers to the response, both the name and value need to be specified.</para>
            <section xml:id="nsa-header-attributes">
                <title><literal>&lt;header-attributes&gt;</literal> Attributes</title>
                <section xml:id="nsa-header-name">
                    <title><literal>header-name</literal></title>
                    <para>The <literal>name</literal> of the header.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-header-value">
                    <title><literal>header-value</literal></title>
                    <para>The <literal>value</literal> of the header to add.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-header-ref">
                    <title><literal>header-ref</literal></title>
                    <para>Reference to a custom implementation of the <classname>HeaderWriter</classname> interface.</para>
                </section>
            </section>
            <section xml:id="nsa-header-parents">
                <title>Parent Elements of <literal>&lt;header&gt;</literal></title>
                <itemizedlist>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-headers">headers</link></listitem>
                </itemizedlist>
            </section>
        </section>
        <section xml:id="nsa-anonymous">
            <title><literal>&lt;anonymous&gt;</literal></title>
            <para>Adds an <classname>AnonymousAuthenticationFilter</classname> to the stack and an
                <classname>AnonymousAuthenticationProvider</classname>. Required if you are using
                the <literal>IS_AUTHENTICATED_ANONYMOUSLY</literal> attribute.</para>
            <section xml:id="nsa-anonymous-parents">
                <title>Parent Elements of <literal>&lt;anonymous&gt;</literal></title>
                <itemizedlist>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-http">http</link></listitem>
                </itemizedlist>
            </section>
            <section xml:id="nsa-anonymous-attributes">
                <title><literal>&lt;anonymous&gt;</literal> Attributes</title>
                <section xml:id="nsa-anonymous-enabled">
                    <title><literal>enabled</literal></title>
                    <para>With the default namespace setup, the anonymous "authentication" facility is automatically
                        enabled. You can disable it using this property.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-anonymous-granted-authority">
                    <title><literal>granted-authority</literal></title>
                    <para>The granted authority that should be assigned to the anonymous request. Commonly this is used
                        to assign the anonymous request particular roles, which can subsequently be used in authorization
                        decisions. If unset, defaults to <literal>ROLE_ANONYMOUS</literal>.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-anonymous-key">
                    <title><literal>key</literal></title>
                    <para>The key shared between the provider and filter. This generally does not need to be set. If
                        unset, it will default to a secure randomly generated value. This means setting this value can
                        improve startup time when using the anonymous functionality since secure random values can take
                        a while to be generated.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-anonymous-username">
                    <title><literal>username</literal></title>
                    <para>The username that should be assigned to the anonymous request. This allows the principal to
                        be identified, which may be important for logging and auditing. if unset, defaults to
                        <literal>anonymousUser</literal>.</para>
                </section>
            </section>
        </section>
        <section xml:id="nsa-custom-filter">
            <title><literal>&lt;custom-filter&gt;</literal></title>
            <para>This element is used to add a filter to the filter chain. It doesn't create any
                additional beans but is used to select a bean of type
                <interfacename>javax.servlet.Filter</interfacename> which is already defined in the
                application context and add that at a particular position in the filter chain
                maintained by Spring Security. Full details can be found in the <link xlink:href="#ns-custom-filters">
                namespace chapter</link>.</para>
            <section xml:id="nsa-custom-filter-parents">
                <title>Parent Elements of <literal>&lt;custom-filter&gt;</literal></title>
                <itemizedlist>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-http">http</link></listitem>
                </itemizedlist>
            </section>
            <section xml:id="nsa-custom-filter-attributes">
                <title><literal>&lt;custom-filter&gt;</literal> Attributes</title>
                <section xml:id="nsa-custom-filter-after">
                    <title><literal>after</literal></title>
                    <para>The filter immediately after which the custom-filter should be placed in the chain. This
                        feature will only be needed by advanced users who wish to mix their own filters into the
                        security filter chain and have some knowledge of the standard Spring Security filters. The
                        filter names map to specific Spring Security implementation filters.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-custom-filter-before">
                    <title><literal>before</literal></title>
                    <para>The filter immediately before which the custom-filter should be placed in the chain</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-custom-filter-position">
                    <title><literal>position</literal></title>
                    <para>The explicit position at which the custom-filter should be placed in the chain. Use if you
                        are replacing a standard filter.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-custom-filter-ref">
                    <title><literal>ref</literal></title>
                    <para>Defines a reference to a Spring bean that implements <interfacename>Filter</interfacename>.</para>
                </section>
            </section>
        </section>
        <section xml:id="nsa-expression-handler">
            <title><literal>&lt;expression-handler&gt;</literal></title>
            <para>Defines the <interfacename>SecurityExpressionHandler</interfacename> instance which will be used if
                expression-based access-control is enabled. A default implementation (with no ACL support) will be used
                if not supplied.</para>
            <section xml:id="nsa-expression-handler-parents">
                <title>Parent Elements of <literal>&lt;expression-handler&gt;</literal></title>
                <itemizedlist>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-global-method-security">global-method-security</link></listitem>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-http">http</link></listitem>
                </itemizedlist>
            </section>
            <section xml:id="nsa-expression-handler-attributes">
                <title><literal>&lt;expression-handler&gt;</literal> Attributes</title>
                <section xml:id="nsa-expression-handler-ref">
                    <title><literal>ref</literal></title>
                    <para>Defines a reference to a Spring bean that implements <interfacename>SecurityExpressionHandler</interfacename>.</para>
                </section>
            </section>
        </section>
        <section xml:id="nsa-form-login">
            <title><literal>&lt;form-login&gt;</literal></title>
            <para>Used to add an <classname>UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter</classname> to the
                filter stack and an <classname>LoginUrlAuthenticationEntryPoint</classname> to the
                application context to provide authentication on demand. This will always take
                precedence over other namespace-created entry points. If no attributes are supplied,
                a login page will be generated automatically at the URL "/spring_security_login" <footnote>
                <para>This feature is really just provided for convenience and is not intended for
                    production (where a view technology will have been chosen and can be used to
                    render a customized login page). The class
                    <classname>DefaultLoginPageGeneratingFilter</classname> is responsible for
                    rendering the login page and will provide login forms for both normal form login
                    and/or OpenID if required.</para>
                </footnote> The behaviour can be customized using the <link xlink:href="#nsa-form-login-attributes">
                    <literal>&lt;form-login&gt;</literal> Attributes</link>.</para>
            <section xml:id="nsa-form-login-parents">
                <title>Parent Elements of <literal>&lt;form-login&gt;</literal></title>
                <itemizedlist>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-http">http</link></listitem>
                </itemizedlist>
            </section>
            <section xml:id="nsa-form-login-attributes">
                <title><literal>&lt;form-login&gt;</literal> Attributes</title>
                <section xml:id="nsa-form-login-always-use-default-target">
                    <title><literal>always-use-default-target</literal></title>
                    <para>If set to <literal>true</literal>, the user will always start at the value given by
                        <link xlink:href="#nsa-form-login-default-target-url">default-target-url</link>, regardless
                        of how they arrived at the login page. Maps to the <literal>alwaysUseDefaultTargetUrl</literal>
                        property of <classname>UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter</classname>. Default value is
                        <literal>false</literal>.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-form-login-authentication-details-source-ref">
                    <title><literal>authentication-details-source-ref</literal></title>
                    <para>Reference to an <interfacename>AuthenticationDetailsSource</interfacename> which will be used
                        by the authentication filter</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-form-login-authentication-failure-handler-ref">
                    <title><literal>authentication-failure-handler-ref</literal></title>
                    <para>Can be used as an alternative to
                        <link xlink:href="#nsa-form-login-authentication-failure-url">authentication-failure-url</link>,
                        giving you full control over the navigation flow after an authentication failure. The value
                        should be he name of an <interfacename>AuthenticationFailureHandler</interfacename> bean in the
                        application context.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-form-login-authentication-failure-url">
                    <title><literal>authentication-failure-url</literal></title>
                    <para>Maps to the <literal>authenticationFailureUrl</literal> property of
                        <classname>UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter</classname>. Defines the URL the
                        browser will be redirected to on login failure. Defaults to
                        <literal>/spring_security_login?login_error</literal>, which will be automatically handled by
                        the automatic login page generator, re-rendering the login page with an error message.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-form-login-authentication-success-handler-ref">
                    <title><literal>authentication-success-handler-ref</literal></title>
                    <para>This can be used as an alternative to
                        <link xlink:href="#nsa-form-login-default-target-url">default-target-url</link>
                        and <link xlink:href="#nsa-form-login-always-use-default-target">always-use-default-target</link>,
                        giving you full control over the navigation flow after a successful authentication. The value
                        should be the name of an <interfacename>AuthenticationSuccessHandler</interfacename> bean in
                        the application context. By default, an implementation of
                        <classname>SavedRequestAwareAuthenticationSuccessHandler</classname> is used and
                        injected with the <link xlink:href="#nsa-form-login-default-target-url">default-target-url
                        </link>.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-form-login-default-target-url">
                    <title><literal>default-target-url</literal></title>
                    <para>Maps to the <literal>defaultTargetUrl</literal> property of
                        <classname>UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter</classname>. If not set, the
                        default value is "/" (the application root). A user will be taken to this URL
                        after logging in, provided they were not asked to login while attempting to
                        access a secured resource, when they will be taken to the originally requested
                        URL.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-form-login-login-page">
                    <title><literal>login-page</literal></title>
                    <para> The URL that should be used to render the login page. Maps to the
                        <literal>loginFormUrl</literal> property of the
                        <classname>LoginUrlAuthenticationEntryPoint</classname>. Defaults to
                        "/spring_security_login".</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-form-login-login-processing-url">
                    <title><literal>login-processing-url</literal></title>
                    <para> Maps to the <literal>filterProcessesUrl</literal> property of
                        <classname>UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter</classname>. The default value
                        is "/j_spring_security_check".</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-form-login-password-parameter">
                    <title><literal>password-parameter</literal></title>
                    <para>The name of the request parameter which contains the password. Defaults to "j_password".</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-form-login-username-parameter">
                    <title><literal>username-parameter</literal></title>
                    <para>The name of the request parameter which contains the username. Defaults to "j_username".</para>
                </section>
            </section>
        </section>
        <section xml:id="nsa-http-basic">
            <title><literal>&lt;http-basic&gt;</literal></title>
            <para>Adds a <classname>BasicAuthenticationFilter</classname> and
                <classname>BasicAuthenticationEntryPoint</classname> to the configuration. The
                latter will only be used as the configuration entry point if form-based login is not
                enabled.</para>
            <section xml:id="nsa-http-basic-parents">
                <title>Parent Elements of <literal>&lt;http-basic&gt;</literal></title>
                <itemizedlist>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-http">http</link></listitem>
                </itemizedlist>
            </section>
            <section xml:id="nsa-http-basic-attributes">
                <title><literal>&lt;http-basic&gt;</literal> Attributes</title>
                <section xml:id="nsa-http-basic-authentication-details-source-ref">
                    <title><literal>authentication-details-source-ref</literal></title>
                    <para>Reference to an <interfacename>AuthenticationDetailsSource</interfacename> which will be used
                        by the authentication filter</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-http-basic-entry-point-ref">
                    <title><literal>entry-point-ref</literal></title>
                    <para>Sets the <interfacename>AuthenticationEntryPoint</interfacename> which is used by the
                        <classname>BasicAuthenticationFilter</classname>.</para>
                </section>
            </section>
        </section>
        <section xml:id="nsa-http-firewall">
            <title><literal>&lt;http-firewall></literal> Element</title>
            <para>This is a top-level element which can be used to inject a custom implementation of
                <interfacename>HttpFirewall</interfacename> into the
                <classname>FilterChainProxy</classname> created by the namespace. The default
                implementation should be suitable for most applications.</para>
            <section xml:id="nsa-http-firewall-attributes">
                <title><literal>&lt;http-firewall&gt;</literal> Attributes</title>
                <section xml:id="nsa-http-firewall-ref">
                    <title><literal>ref</literal></title>
                    <para>Defines a reference to a Spring bean that implements <interfacename>HttpFirewall</interfacename>.</para>
                </section>
            </section>
        </section>
        <section xml:id="nsa-intercept-url">
            <title><literal>&lt;intercept-url&gt;</literal></title>
            <para>This element is used to define the set of URL patterns that the application is
                interested in and to configure how they should be handled. It is used to construct
                the <interfacename>FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource</interfacename> used by
                the <classname>FilterSecurityInterceptor</classname>. It is also responsible for
                configuring a <classname>ChannelProcessingFilter</classname> if particular URLs
                need to be accessed by HTTPS, for example. When matching the specified patterns
                against an incoming request, the matching is done in the order in which the elements
                are declared. So the most specific matches patterns should come first and the most
                general should come last.</para>
            <section xml:id="nsa-intercept-url-parents">
                <title>Parent Elements of <literal>&lt;intercept-url&gt;</literal></title>
                <itemizedlist>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-filter-invocation-definition-source">filter-invocation-definition-source</link></listitem>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-filter-security-metadata-source">filter-security-metadata-source</link></listitem>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-http">http</link></listitem>
                </itemizedlist>
            </section>
            <section xml:id="nsa-intercept-url-attributes">
                <title><literal>&lt;intercept-url&gt;</literal> Attributes</title>
                <section xml:id="nsa-intercept-url-access">
                    <title><literal>access</literal></title>
                    <para>Lists the access attributes which will be stored in the
                        <interfacename>FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource</interfacename> for the
                        defined URL pattern/method combination. This should be a comma-separated list of
                        the security configuration attributes (such as role names).</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-intercept-url-filters">
                    <title><literal>filters</literal></title>
                    <para>Can only take the value <quote>none</quote>. This will cause any matching
                        request to bypass the Spring Security filter chain entirely. None of the rest of
                        the <literal>&lt;http&gt;</literal> configuration will have any effect on the
                        request and there will be no security context available for its duration. Access
                        to secured methods during the request will fail.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-intercept-url-method">
                    <title><literal>method</literal></title>
                    <para>The HTTP Method which will be used in combination with the pattern to match
                        an incoming request. If omitted, any method will match. If an identical pattern
                        is specified with and without a method, the method-specific match will take
                        precedence.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-intercept-url-pattern">
                    <title><literal>pattern</literal></title>
                    <para>The pattern which defines the URL path. The content will depend on the
                        <literal>request-matcher</literal> attribute from the containing http element,
                        so will default to ant path syntax.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-intercept-url-requires-channel">
                    <title><literal>requires-channel</literal></title>
                    <para>Can be <quote>http</quote> or <quote>https</quote> depending on whether a
                        particular URL pattern should be accessed over HTTP or HTTPS respectively.
                        Alternatively the value <quote>any</quote> can be used when there is no
                        preference. If this attribute is present on any
                        <literal>&lt;intercept-url&gt;</literal> element, then a
                        <classname>ChannelProcessingFilter</classname> will be added to the filter
                        stack and its additional dependencies added to the application
                        context.<!--See the chapter on <link
                xlink:href="#channel-security-config">channel security</link> for an example
              configuration using traditional beans. --></para>
                    <para>If a <literal>&lt;port-mappings&gt;</literal> configuration is added, this
                        will be used to by the <classname>SecureChannelProcessor</classname> and
                        <classname>InsecureChannelProcessor</classname> beans to determine the ports
                        used for redirecting to HTTP/HTTPS. </para>
                </section>
            </section>
        </section>
        <section xml:id="nsa-jee">
            <title><literal>&lt;jee&gt;</literal></title>
            <para>Adds a J2eePreAuthenticatedProcessingFilter to the filter chain to provide integration with container
                authentication.</para>
            <section xml:id="nsa-jee-parents">
                <title>Parent Elements of <literal>&lt;jee&gt;</literal></title>
                <itemizedlist>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-http">http</link></listitem>
                </itemizedlist>
            </section>
            <section xml:id="nsa-jee-attributes">
                <title><literal>&lt;jee&gt;</literal> Attributes</title>
                <section xml:id="nsa-jee-mappable-roles">
                    <title><literal>mappable-roles</literal></title>
                    <para>A comma-separate list of roles to look for in the incoming HttpServletRequest.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-jee-user-service-ref">
                    <title><literal>user-service-ref</literal></title>
                    <para>A reference to a user-service (or UserDetailsService bean) Id</para>
                </section>
            </section>
        </section>
        <section xml:id="nsa-logout">
            <title><literal>&lt;logout&gt;</literal></title>
            <para>Adds a <classname>LogoutFilter</classname> to the filter stack. This is
                configured with a <classname>SecurityContextLogoutHandler</classname>.</para>
            <section xml:id="nsa-logout-parents">
                <title>Parent Elements of <literal>&lt;logout&gt;</literal></title>
                <itemizedlist>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-http">http</link></listitem>
                </itemizedlist>
            </section>
            <section xml:id="nsa-logout-attributes">
                <title><literal>&lt;logout&gt;</literal> Attributes</title>
                <section xml:id="nsa-logout-delete-cookies">
                    <title>The <literal>delete-cookies</literal> attribute</title>
                    <para>A comma-separated list of the names of cookies which should be deleted when the user logs out.
                    </para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-logout-invalidate-session">
                    <title>The <literal>invalidate-session</literal> attribute</title>
                    <para> Maps to the <literal>invalidateHttpSession</literal> of the
                        <classname>SecurityContextLogoutHandler</classname>. Defaults to "true", so the
                        session will be invalidated on logout.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-logout-logout-success-url">
                    <title>The <literal>logout-success-url</literal> attribute</title>
                    <para>The destination URL which the user will be taken to after logging out.
                        Defaults to "/". </para>
                    <para>Setting this attribute will inject the <classname>SessionManagementFilter</classname>
                        with a <classname>SimpleRedirectInvalidSessionStrategy</classname> configured with
                        the attribute value. When an invalid session ID is submitted, the strategy will be invoked,
                        redirecting to the configured URL.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-logout-logout-url">
                    <title>The <literal>logout-url</literal> attribute</title>
                    <para> The URL which will cause a logout (i.e. which will be processed by the
                        filter). Defaults to "/j_spring_security_logout". </para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-logout-success-handler-ref">
                    <title>The <literal>success-handler-ref</literal> attribute</title>
                    <para>May be used to supply an instance of <interfacename>LogoutSuccessHandler</interfacename>
                        which will be invoked to control the navigation after logging out.
                    </para>
                </section>
            </section>
        </section>
        <section xml:id="nsa-openid-login">
            <title><literal>&lt;openid-login&gt;</literal></title>
            <para> Similar to <literal>&lt;form-login&gt;</literal> and has the same attributes. The
                default value for <literal>login-processing-url</literal> is
                "/j_spring_openid_security_check". An
                <classname>OpenIDAuthenticationFilter</classname> and
                <classname>OpenIDAuthenticationProvider</classname> will be registered. The latter
                requires a reference to a <interfacename>UserDetailsService</interfacename>. Again,
                this can be specified by <literal>id</literal>, using the <literal>user-service-ref</literal>
                attribute, or will be located automatically in the application context. </para>
            <section xml:id="nsa-openid-login-parents">
                <title>Parent Elements of <literal>&lt;openid-login&gt;</literal></title>
                <itemizedlist>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-http">http</link></listitem>
                </itemizedlist>
            </section>
            <section xml:id="nsa-openid-login-attributes">
                <title><literal>&lt;openid-login&gt;</literal> Attributes</title>
                <section xml:id="nsa-openid-login-always-use-default-target">
                    <title><literal>always-use-default-target</literal></title>
                    <para>Whether the user should always be redirected to the default-target-url after login.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-openid-login-authentication-details-source-ref">
                    <title><literal>authentication-details-source-ref</literal></title>
                    <para>Reference to an AuthenticationDetailsSource which will be used by the authentication filter</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-openid-login-authentication-failure-handler-ref">
                    <title><literal>authentication-failure-handler-ref</literal></title>
                    <para>Reference to an AuthenticationFailureHandler bean which should be used to handle a failed
                        authentication request. Should not be used in combination with authentication-failure-url as the
                        implementation should always deal with navigation to the subsequent destination</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-openid-login-authentication-failure-url">
                    <title><literal>authentication-failure-url</literal></title>
                    <para>The URL for the login failure page. If no login failure URL is specified, Spring Security will
                        automatically create a failure login URL at /spring_security_login?login_error and a corresponding
                        filter to render that login failure URL when requested.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-openid-login-authentication-success-handler-ref">
                    <title><literal>authentication-success-handler-ref</literal></title>
                    <para>Reference to an AuthenticationSuccessHandler bean which should be used to handle a successful
                        authentication request. Should not be used in combination with
                        <link xlink:href="#nsa-openid-login-default-target-url">default-target-url</link> (or
                        <link xlink:href="#nsa-openid-login-always-use-default-target">
                        always-use-default-target</link>) as the implementation should always deal with navigation
                        to the subsequent destination</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-openid-login-default-target-url">
                    <title><literal>default-target-url</literal></title>
                    <para>The URL that will be redirected to after successful authentication, if the user's previous action
                        could not be resumed. This generally happens if the user visits a login page without having first requested a
                        secured operation that triggers authentication. If unspecified, defaults to the root of the application.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-openid-login-login-page">
                    <title><literal>login-page</literal></title>
                    <para>The URL for the login page. If no login URL is specified, Spring Security will automatically
                        create a login URL at /spring_security_login and a corresponding filter to render that login URL when requested.
                    </para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-openid-login-login-processing-url">
                    <title><literal>login-processing-url</literal></title>
                    <para>The URL that the login form is posted to. If unspecified, it defaults to /j_spring_security_check.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-openid-login-password-parameter">
                    <title><literal>password-parameter</literal></title>
                    <para>The name of the request parameter which contains the password. Defaults to "j_password".</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-openid-login-user-service-ref">
                    <title><literal>user-service-ref</literal></title>
                    <para>A reference to a user-service (or UserDetailsService bean) Id</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-openid-login-username-parameter">
                    <title><literal>username-parameter</literal></title>
                    <para>The name of the request parameter which contains the username. Defaults to "j_username".</para>
                </section>
            </section>
            <section xml:id="nsa-openid-login-children">
                <title>Child Elements of &lt;openid-login&gt;</title>
                <itemizedlist>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-attribute-exchange">attribute-exchange</link></listitem>
                </itemizedlist>
            </section>
        </section>
        <section xml:id="nsa-attribute-exchange">
            <title><literal>&lt;attribute-exchange&gt;</literal></title>
            <para>The <literal>attribute-exchange</literal> element defines the list of
                attributes which should be requested from the identity provider. An example can be found
                in the <link xlink:href="#ns-openid">OpenID Support</link> section of the namespace configuration
                chapter. More than one can be used, in which case each must have an <literal>identifier-match</literal>
                attribute, containing a regular expression which is matched against the supplied
                OpenID identifier. This allows different attribute lists to be fetched from
                different providers (Google, Yahoo etc).</para>
            <section xml:id="nsa-attribute-exchange-parents">
                <title>Parent Elements of <literal>&lt;attribute-exchange&gt;</literal></title>
                <itemizedlist>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-openid-login">openid-login</link></listitem>
                </itemizedlist>
            </section>
            <section xml:id="nsa-attribute-exchange-attributes">
                <title><literal>&lt;attribute-exchange&gt;</literal> Attributes</title>
                <section xml:id="nsa-attribute-exchange-identifier-match">
                    <title><literal>identifier-match</literal></title>
                    <para>A regular expression which will be compared against the claimed identity, when deciding which
                        attribute-exchange configuration to use during authentication.</para>
                </section>
            </section>
            <section xml:id="nsa-attribute-exchange-children">
                <title>Child Elements of <literal>&lt;attribute-exchange&gt;</literal></title>
                <itemizedlist>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-openid-attribute">openid-attribute</link></listitem>
                </itemizedlist>
            </section>
        </section>
        <section xml:id="nsa-openid-attribute">
            <title><literal>&lt;openid-attribute&gt;</literal></title>
            <para>Attributes used when making an OpenID AX
                <link xlink:href="http://openid.net/specs/openid-attribute-exchange-1_0.html#fetch_request">
                    Fetch Request</link></para>
            <section xml:id="nsa-openid-attribute-parents">
                <title>Parent Elements of <literal>&lt;openid-attribute&gt;</literal></title>
                <itemizedlist>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-attribute-exchange">attribute-exchange</link></listitem>
                </itemizedlist>
            </section>
            <section xml:id="nsa-openid-attribute-attributes">
                <title><literal>&lt;openid-attribute&gt;</literal> Attributes</title>
                <section xml:id="nsa-openid-attribute-count">
                    <title><literal>count</literal></title>
                    <para>Specifies the number of attributes that you wish to get back. For example, return 3 emails.
                        The default value is 1.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-openid-attribute-name">
                    <title><literal>name</literal></title>
                    <para>Specifies the name of the attribute that you wish to get back. For example, email.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-openid-attribute-required">
                    <title><literal>required</literal></title>
                    <para>Specifies if this attribute is required to the OP, but does not error out if the OP does not
                        return the attribute. Default is false.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-openid-attribute-type">
                    <title><literal>type</literal></title>
                    <para>Specifies the attribute type. For example, http://axschema.org/contact/email. See your OP's
                        documentation for valid attribute types.</para>
                </section>
            </section>
        </section>
        <section xml:id="nsa-port-mappings">
            <title><literal>&lt;port-mappings&gt;</literal></title>
            <para> By default, an instance of <classname>PortMapperImpl</classname> will be added to
                the configuration for use in redirecting to secure and insecure URLs. This element
                can optionally be used to override the default mappings which that class defines.
                Each child <literal>&lt;port-mapping&gt;</literal> element defines a pair of
                HTTP:HTTPS ports. The default mappings are 80:443 and 8080:8443. An example of
                overriding these can be found in the <link xlink:href="#ns-requires-channel"
                >namespace introduction</link>. </para>
            <section xml:id="nsa-port-mappings-parents">
                <title>Parent Elements of <literal>&lt;port-mappings&gt;</literal></title>
                <itemizedlist>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-http">http</link></listitem>
                </itemizedlist>
            </section>
            <section xml:id="nsa-port-mappings-children">
                <title>Child Elements of <literal>&lt;port-mappings&gt;</literal></title>
                <itemizedlist>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-port-mapping">port-mapping</link></listitem>
                </itemizedlist>
            </section>
        </section>
        <section xml:id="nsa-port-mapping">
            <title><literal>&lt;port-mapping&gt;</literal></title>
            <para>Provides a method to map http ports to https ports when forcing a redirect.</para>
            <section xml:id="nsa-port-mapping-parents">
                <title>Parent Elements of <literal>&lt;port-mapping&gt;</literal></title>
                <itemizedlist>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-port-mappings">port-mappings</link></listitem>
                </itemizedlist>
            </section>
            <section xml:id="nsa-port-mapping-attributes">
                <title><literal>&lt;port-mapping&gt;</literal> Attributes</title>
                <section xml:id="nsa-port-mapping-http">
                    <title><literal>http</literal></title>
                    <para>The http port to use.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-port-mapping-https">
                    <title><literal>https</literal></title>
                    <para>The https port to use.</para>
                </section>
            </section>
        </section>
        <section xml:id="nsa-remember-me">
            <title><literal>&lt;remember-me&gt;</literal></title>
            <para> Adds the <classname>RememberMeAuthenticationFilter</classname> to the stack. This
                in turn will be configured with either a
                <classname>TokenBasedRememberMeServices</classname>, a
                <classname>PersistentTokenBasedRememberMeServices</classname> or a user-specified
                bean implementing <interfacename>RememberMeServices</interfacename> depending on the
                attribute settings. </para>
            <section xml:id="nsa-remember-me-parents">
                <title>Parent Elements of <literal>&lt;remember-me&gt;</literal></title>
                <itemizedlist>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-http">http</link></listitem>
                </itemizedlist>
            </section>
            <section xml:id="nsa-remember-me-attributes">
                <title><literal>&lt;remember-me&gt;</literal> Attributes</title>
                <section xml:id="nsa-remember-me-authentication-success-handler-ref">
                    <title><literal>authentication-success-handler-ref</literal></title>
                    <para>Sets the <code>authenticationSuccessHandler</code> property on the
                        <classname>RememberMeAuthenticationFilter</classname> if custom navigation is required.
                        The value should be the name of a <interfacename>AuthenticationSuccessHandler</interfacename>
                        bean in the application context. </para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-remember-me-data-source-ref">
                    <title><literal>data-source-ref</literal></title>
                    <para>A reference to a <interfacename>DataSource</interfacename> bean. If this is set,
                        <classname>PersistentTokenBasedRememberMeServices</classname> will be used and configured with a
                        <classname>JdbcTokenRepositoryImpl</classname> instance. </para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-remember-me-remember-me-parameter">
                    <title><literal>remember-me-parameter</literal></title>
                    <para>The name of the request parameter which toggles remember-me authentication. Defaults to "_spring_security_remember_me".
                        Maps to the "parameter" property of <classname>AbstractRememberMeServices</classname>.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-remember-me-key">
                    <title><literal>key</literal></title>
                    <para>Maps to the "key" property of
                        <classname>AbstractRememberMeServices</classname>. Should be set to a unique
                        value to ensure that remember-me cookies are only valid within the one
                        application <footnote>
                        <para>This doesn't affect the use of
                            <classname>PersistentTokenBasedRememberMeServices</classname>, where the
                            tokens are stored on the server side.</para>
                        </footnote>. If this is not set a secure random value will be generated. Since generating secure
                        random values can take a while, setting this value explicitly can help improve startup times when
                        using the remember me functionality.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-remember-me-services-alias">
                    <title><literal>services-alias</literal></title>
                    <para>Exports the internally defined <interfacename>RememberMeServices</interfacename> as a bean alias,
                        allowing it to be used by other beans in the application context.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-remember-me-services-ref">
                    <title><literal>services-ref</literal></title>
                    <para> Allows complete control of the
                        <interfacename>RememberMeServices</interfacename> implementation that will be
                        used by the filter. The value should be the <literal>id</literal> of a bean in the application
                        context which implements this interface. Should also implement
                        <interfacename>LogoutHandler</interfacename> if a logout filter is in use.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-remember-me-token-repository-ref">
                    <title><literal>token-repository-ref</literal></title>
                    <para> Configures a <classname>PersistentTokenBasedRememberMeServices</classname>
                        but allows the use of a custom
                        <interfacename>PersistentTokenRepository</interfacename> bean. </para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-remember-me-token-validity-seconds">
                    <title><literal>token-validity-seconds</literal></title>
                    <para> Maps to the <literal>tokenValiditySeconds</literal> property of
                        <classname>AbstractRememberMeServices</classname>. Specifies the period in
                        seconds for which the remember-me cookie should be valid. By default it will be
                        valid for 14 days. </para>
                </section>
               <section xml:id="nsa-remember-me-use-secure-cookie">
                    <title><literal>use-secure-cookie</literal></title>
                    <para>It is recommended that remember-me cookies are only submitted over HTTPS and thus should
                        be flagged as <quote>secure</quote>. By default, a secure cookie will be used if the
                        connection over which the login request is made is secure (as it should be).
                        If you set this property to <literal>false</literal>, secure cookies will not be used.
                        Setting it to <literal>true</literal> will always set the secure flag on the cookie.
                        This attribute maps to the <literal>useSecureCookie</literal> property of
                        <classname>AbstractRememberMeServices</classname>.
                    </para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-remember-me-user-service-ref">
                    <title><literal>user-service-ref</literal></title>
                    <para> The remember-me services implementations require access to a
                        <interfacename>UserDetailsService</interfacename>, so there has to be one
                        defined in the application context. If there is only one, it will be selected
                        and used automatically by the namespace configuration. If there are multiple
                        instances, you can specify a bean <literal>id</literal> explicitly using this attribute. </para>
                </section>
            </section>
        </section>
        <section xml:id="nsa-request-cache">
            <title><literal>&lt;request-cache></literal> Element</title>
            <para>Sets the <interfacename>RequestCache</interfacename> instance which will be used
                by the <classname>ExceptionTranslationFilter</classname> to store request
                information before invoking an
                <interfacename>AuthenticationEntryPoint</interfacename>. </para>
            <section xml:id="nsa-request-cache-parents">
                <title>Parent Elements of <literal>&lt;request-cache&gt;</literal></title>
                <itemizedlist>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-http">http</link></listitem>
                </itemizedlist>
            </section>
            <section xml:id="nsa-request-cache-attributes">
                <title><literal>&lt;request-cache&gt;</literal> Attributes</title>
                <section xml:id="nsa-request-cache-ref">
                    <title><literal>ref</literal></title>
                    <para>Defines a reference to a Spring bean that is a <interfacename>RequestCache</interfacename>.</para>
                </section>
            </section>
        </section>
        <section xml:id="nsa-session-management">
            <title><literal>&lt;session-management&gt;</literal></title>
            <para> Session-management related functionality is implemented by the addition of a
                <classname>SessionManagementFilter</classname> to the filter stack.</para>
            <section xml:id="nsa-session-management-parents">
                <title>Parent Elements of <literal>&lt;session-management&gt;</literal></title>
                <itemizedlist>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-http">http</link></listitem>
                </itemizedlist>
            </section>
            <section xml:id="nsa-session-management-attributes">
                <title><literal>&lt;session-management&gt;</literal> Attributes</title>
                <section xml:id="nsa-session-management-invalid-session-url">
                    <title><literal>invalid-session-url</literal></title>
                    <para>Setting this attribute will inject the <classname>SessionManagementFilter</classname>
                        with a <classname>SimpleRedirectInvalidSessionStrategy</classname> configured with
                        the attribute value. When an invalid session ID is submitted, the strategy will be invoked,
                        redirecting to the configured URL.
                    </para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-session-management-session-authentication-error-url">
                    <title><literal>session-authentication-error-url</literal></title>
                    <para>Defines the URL of the error page which should be shown when the SessionAuthenticationStrategy
                        raises an exception. If not set, an unauthorized (402) error code will be returned to the client.
                        Note that this attribute doesn't apply if the error occurs during a form-based login, where the URL
                        for authentication failure will take precedence.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-session-management-session-authentication-strategy-ref">
                    <title><literal>session-authentication-strategy-ref</literal></title>
                    <para>Allows injection of the SessionAuthenticationStrategy instance used by the
                        SessionManagementFilter</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-session-management-session-fixation-protection">
                    <title><literal>session-fixation-protection</literal></title>
                    <para> Indicates whether an existing session should be invalidated when a user
                        authenticates and a new session started. If set to "none" no change will be
                        made. "newSession" will create a new empty session. "migrateSession" will create
                        a new session and copy the session attributes to the new session. Defaults to
                        "migrateSession".</para>
                    <para> If session fixation protection is enabled, the
                        <classname>SessionManagementFilter</classname> is injected with an appropriately
                        configured <classname>DefaultSessionAuthenticationStrategy</classname>. See the
                        Javadoc for this class for more details. </para>
                </section>
            </section>
            <section xml:id="nsa-session-management-children">
                <title>Child elements of <literal>&lt;session-management&gt;</literal></title>
                <itemizedlist>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-concurrency-control">concurrency-control</link></listitem>
                </itemizedlist>
            </section>
        </section>
        <section xml:id="nsa-concurrency-control">
            <title><literal>&lt;concurrency-control&gt;</literal></title>
            <para> Adds support for concurrent session control, allowing limits to be placed on the
                number of active sessions a user can have. A
                <classname>ConcurrentSessionFilter</classname> will be created, and a
                <classname>ConcurrentSessionControlAuthenticationStrategy</classname> will be used with the
                <classname>SessionManagementFilter</classname>. If a <literal>form-login</literal>
                element has been declared, the strategy object will also be injected into the
                created authentication filter. An instance of
                <interfacename>SessionRegistry</interfacename> (a
                <classname>SessionRegistryImpl</classname> instance unless the user wishes to use a
                custom bean) will be created for use by the strategy.</para>
            <section xml:id="nsa-concurrency-control-parents">
                <title>Parent Elements of <literal>&lt;concurrency-control&gt;</literal></title>
                <itemizedlist>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-session-management">session-management</link></listitem>
                </itemizedlist>
            </section>
            <section xml:id="nsa-concurrency-control-attributes">
                <title><literal>&lt;concurrency-control&gt;</literal> Attributes</title>
                <section xml:id="nsa-concurrency-control-error-if-maximum-exceeded">
                    <title><literal>error-if-maximum-exceeded</literal></title>
                    <para>If set to "true" a
                        <exceptionname>SessionAuthenticationException</exceptionname> will be raised
                        when a user attempts to exceed the maximum allowed number of sessions. The
                        default behaviour is to expire the original session. </para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-concurrency-control-expired-url">
                    <title><literal>expired-url</literal></title>
                    <para> The URL a user will be redirected to if they attempt to use a session which
                        has been "expired" by the concurrent session controller because the user has
                        exceeded the number of allowed sessions and has logged in again elsewhere.
                        Should be set unless <literal>exception-if-maximum-exceeded</literal> is set. If
                        no value is supplied, an expiry message will just be written directly back to
                        the response. </para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-concurrency-control-max-sessions">
                    <title><literal>max-sessions</literal></title>
                    <para>Maps to the <literal>maximumSessions</literal> property of
                        <classname>ConcurrentSessionControlAuthenticationStrategy</classname>.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-concurrency-control-session-registry-alias">
                    <title><literal>session-registry-alias</literal></title>
                    <para> It can also be useful to have a reference to the internal session registry
                        for use in your own beans or an admin interface. You can expose the internal bean
                        using the <literal>session-registry-alias</literal> attribute, giving it a name
                        that you can use elsewhere in your configuration. </para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-concurrency-control-session-registry-ref">
                    <title><literal>session-registry-ref</literal></title>
                    <para> The user can supply their own <interfacename>SessionRegistry</interfacename>
                        implementation using the <literal>session-registry-ref</literal> attribute. The
                        other concurrent session control beans will be wired up to use it. </para>
                </section>
            </section>
        </section>
        <section xml:id="nsa-x509">
            <title><literal>&lt;x509&gt;</literal></title>
            <para> Adds support for X.509 authentication. An
                <classname>X509AuthenticationFilter</classname> will be added to the stack and an
                <classname>Http403ForbiddenEntryPoint</classname> bean will be created. The latter
                will only be used if no other authentication mechanisms are in use (its only
                functionality is to return an HTTP 403 error code). A
                <classname>PreAuthenticatedAuthenticationProvider</classname> will also be created
                which delegates the loading of user authorities to a
                <interfacename>UserDetailsService</interfacename>. </para>
            <section xml:id="nsa-x509-parents">
                <title>Parent Elements of <literal>&lt;x509&gt;</literal></title>
                <itemizedlist>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-http">http</link></listitem>
                </itemizedlist>
            </section>
            <section xml:id="nsa-x509-attributes">
                <title><literal>&lt;x509&gt;</literal> Attributes</title>
                <section xml:id="nsa-x509-authentication-details-source-ref">
                    <title><literal>authentication-details-source-ref</literal></title>
                    <para>A reference to an <interfacename>AuthenticationDetailsSource</interfacename></para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-x509-subject-principal-regex">
                    <title><literal>subject-principal-regex</literal></title>
                    <para> Defines a regular expression which will be used to extract the username from
                        the certificate (for use with the
                        <interfacename>UserDetailsService</interfacename>). </para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-x509-user-service-ref">
                    <title><literal>user-service-ref</literal></title>
                    <para> Allows a specific <interfacename>UserDetailsService</interfacename> to be
                        used with X.509 in the case where multiple instances are configured. If not set,
                        an attempt will be made to locate a suitable instance automatically and use
                        that. </para>
                </section>
            </section>
        </section>
        <section xml:id="nsa-filter-chain-map">
            <title><literal>&lt;filter-chain-map&gt;</literal></title>
            <para>Used to explicitly configure a FilterChainProxy instance with a FilterChainMap</para>
            <section xml:id="nsa-filter-chain-map-attributes">
                <title><literal>&lt;filter-chain-map&gt;</literal> Attributes</title>
                <section xml:id="nsa-filter-chain-map-path-type">
                    <title><literal>path-type</literal></title>
                    <para>Superseded by the
                        <link xlink:href="#nsa-filter-chain-map-request-matcher">request-matcher</link> attribute</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-filter-chain-map-request-matcher">
                    <title><literal>request-matcher</literal></title>
                    <para>Supersedes the 'path-type' attribute. Defines the strategy use for matching incoming requests.
                        Currently the options are 'ant' (for ant path patterns), 'regex' for regular expressions and 'ciRegex' for
                        case-insensitive regular expressions.</para>
                </section>
            </section>
            <section xml:id="nsa-filter-chain-map-children">
                <title>Child Elements of <literal>&lt;filter-chain-map&gt;</literal></title>
                <itemizedlist>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-filter-chain">filter-chain</link></listitem>
                </itemizedlist>
            </section>
        </section>
        <section xml:id="nsa-filter-chain">
            <title><literal>&lt;filter-chain&gt;</literal></title>
            <para>Used within to define a specific URL pattern and the list of filters which apply to the URLs matching
                that pattern. When multiple filter-chain elements are assembled in a list in order to configure a FilterChainProxy,
                the most specific patterns must be placed at the top of the list, with most general ones at the bottom.</para>
            <section xml:id="nsa-filter-chain-parents">
                <title>Parent Elements of <literal>&lt;filter-chain&gt;</literal></title>
                <itemizedlist>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-filter-chain-map">filter-chain-map</link></listitem>
                </itemizedlist>
            </section>
            <section xml:id="nsa-filter-chain-attributes">
                <title><literal>&lt;filter-chain&gt;</literal> Attributes</title>
                <section xml:id="nsa-filter-chain-filters">
                    <title><literal>filters</literal></title>
                    <para>A comma separated list of references to Spring beans that implement
                        <interfacename>Filter</interfacename>. The value "none" means that no
                        <interfacename>Filter</interfacename>'s should be used for this
                        <classname>FilterChain</classname>.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-filter-chain-pattern">
                    <title><literal>pattern</literal></title>
                    <para>A-pattern that creates RequestMatcher in combination with the
                        <link xlink:href="#nsa-filter-chain-map-request-matcher">request-matcher</link></para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-filter-chain-request-matcher-ref">
                    <title><literal>request-matcher-ref</literal></title>
                    <para>A reference to a <interfacename>RequestMatcher</interfacename> that will be used to determine if the
                        <interfacename>Filter</interfacename>'s from the <literal>filters</literal> attribute should be invoked.</para>
                </section>
            </section>
        </section>
        <section xml:id="nsa-filter-invocation-definition-source">
            <title><literal>&lt;filter-invocation-definition-source&gt;</literal></title>
            <para>Deprecated synonym for filter-security-metadata-source</para>
            <section xml:id="nsa-filter-invocation-definition-source-attributes">
                <title><literal>&lt;filter-invocation-definition-source&gt;</literal> Attributes</title>
                <section xml:id="nsa-filter-invocation-definition-source-id">
                    <title><literal>id</literal></title>
                    <para>A bean identifier, used for referring to the bean elsewhere in the context.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-filter-invocation-definition-source-lowercase-comparisons">
                    <title><literal>lowercase-comparisons</literal></title>
                    <para>Compare after forcing to lowercase</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-filter-invocation-definition-source-path-type">
                    <title><literal>path-type</literal></title>
                    <para>Superseded by
                        <link xlink:href="#nsa-filter-invocation-definition-source-request-matcher">request-matcher</link></para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-filter-invocation-definition-source-request-matcher">
                    <title><literal>request-matcher</literal></title>
                    <para>Supersedes the 'path-type' attribute. Defines the strategy use for matching incoming requests.
                        Currently the options are 'ant' (for ant path patterns), 'regex' for regular expressions and 'ciRegex' for
                        case-insensitive regular expressions.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-filter-invocation-definition-source-use-expressions">
                    <title><literal>use-expressions</literal></title>
                    <para>Enables the use of expressions in the 'access' attributes in &lt;intercept-url&gt; elements
                        rather than the traditional list of configuration attributes. Defaults to 'false'. If
                        enabled, each attribute should contain a single boolean expression. If the expression evaluates to 'true', access will be
                        granted.</para>
                </section>
            </section>
            <section xml:id="nsa-filter-invocation-definition-source-children">
                <title>Child Elements of <literal>&lt;filter-invocation-definition-source&gt;</literal></title>
                <itemizedlist>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-intercept-url">intercept-url</link></listitem>
                </itemizedlist>
            </section>
        </section>
        <section xml:id="nsa-filter-security-metadata-source">
            <title><literal>&lt;filter-security-metadata-source&gt;</literal></title>
            <para>Used to explicitly configure a FilterSecurityMetadataSource bean for use with a FilterSecurityInterceptor. Usually
                only needed if you are configuring a FilterChainProxy explicitly, rather than using the
                &lt;http&gt; element. The intercept-url elements used should only contain pattern, method and access attributes. Any
                others will result in a configuration error.</para>
            <section xml:id="nsa-filter-security-metadata-source-attributes">
                <title><literal>&lt;filter-security-metadata-source&gt;</literal> Attributes</title>
                <section xml:id="nsa-filter-security-metadata-source-id">
                    <title><literal>id</literal></title>
                    <para>A bean identifier, used for referring to the bean elsewhere in the context.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-filter-security-metadata-source-lowercase-comparisons">
                    <title><literal>lowercase-comparisons</literal></title>
                    <para>Compare after forcing to lower case</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-filter-security-metadata-source-path-type">
                    <title><literal>path-type</literal></title>
                    <para>Superseded by
                        <link xlink:href="#nsa-filter-security-metadata-source-request-matcher">request-matcher</link>
                        </para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-filter-security-metadata-source-request-matcher">
                    <title><literal>request-matcher</literal></title>
                    <para>Supersedes the 'path-type' attribute. Defines the strategy use for matching incoming requests.
                        Currently the options are 'ant' (for ant path patterns), 'regex' for regular expressions and 'ciRegex' for
                        case-insensitive regular expressions.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-filter-security-metadata-source-use-expressions">
                    <title><literal>use-expressions</literal></title>
                    <para>Enables the use of expressions in the 'access' attributes in
                        &lt;intercept-url&gt; elements rather than the traditional list of configuration attributes. Defaults to 'false'. If
                        enabled, each attribute should contain a single boolean expression. If the expression evaluates to 'true',
                        access will be granted.</para>
                </section>
            </section>
            <section xml:id="nsa-filter-security-metadata-source-children">
                <title>Child Elements of <literal>&lt;filter-security-metadata-source&gt;</literal></title>
                <itemizedlist>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-intercept-url">intercept-url</link></listitem>
                </itemizedlist>
            </section>
        </section>
    </section>
    <section xml:id="nsa-authentication">
        <title>Authentication Services</title>
        <para> Before Spring Security 3.0, an <interfacename>AuthenticationManager</interfacename>
            was automatically registered internally. Now you must register one explicitly using the
            <literal>&lt;authentication-manager&gt;</literal> element. This creates an instance of
            Spring Security's <classname>ProviderManager</classname> class, which needs to be
            configured with a list of one or more
            <interfacename>AuthenticationProvider</interfacename> instances. These can either be
            created using syntax elements provided by the namespace, or they can be standard bean
            definitions, marked for addition to the list using the
            <literal>authentication-provider</literal> element. </para>
        <section xml:id="nsa-authentication-manager">
            <title><literal>&lt;authentication-manager&gt;</literal></title>
            <para> Every Spring Security application which uses the namespace must have include this
                element somewhere. It is responsible for registering the
                <interfacename>AuthenticationManager</interfacename> which provides authentication
                services to the application. All elements
                which create <interfacename>AuthenticationProvider</interfacename> instances should
                be children of this element.</para>
            <section xml:id="nsa-authentication-manager-attributes">
                <title><literal>&lt;authentication-manager&gt;</literal> Attributes</title>
                <section xml:id="nsa-authentication-manager-alias">
                    <title><literal>alias</literal></title>
                    <para>This attribute allows you to define an alias name for the
                        internal instance for use in your own configuration. Its use is described in the
                        <link xlink:href="#ns-auth-manager">namespace introduction</link>.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-authentication-manager-erase-credentials">
                    <title><literal>erase-credentials</literal></title>
                    <para>If set to true, the AuthenticationManger will attempt to clear any credentials data in the
                        returned Authentication object, once the user has been authenticated. Literally it maps to
                        the <literal>eraseCredentialsAfterAuthentication</literal> property of the
                        <classname>ProviderManager</classname>. This is discussed in the <link
                        xlink:href="#core-services-erasing-credentials">Core Services</link> chapter.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-authentication-manager-id">
                    <title><literal>id</literal></title>
                    <para>This attribute allows you to define an id for the internal instance for use in your own
                        configuration. It is the same a the alias element, but provides a more consistent experience
                        with elements that use the id attribute.</para>
                </section>
            </section>
            <section xml:id="nsa-authentication-manager-children">
                <title>Child Elements of <literal>&lt;authentication-manager&gt;</literal></title>
                <itemizedlist>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-authentication-provider">authentication-provider</link></listitem>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-ldap-authentication-provider">ldap-authentication-provider</link></listitem>
                </itemizedlist>
            </section>
        </section>
        <section xml:id="nsa-authentication-provider">
            <title><literal>&lt;authentication-provider&gt;</literal></title>
            <para> Unless used with a <literal>ref</literal> attribute, this element is
                shorthand for configuring a <link xlink:href="#core-services-dao-provider"
                ><classname>DaoAuthenticationProvider</classname></link>.
                <classname>DaoAuthenticationProvider</classname> loads user information from a
                <interfacename>UserDetailsService</interfacename> and compares the
                username/password combination with the values supplied at login. The
                <interfacename>UserDetailsService</interfacename> instance can be defined either
                by using an available namespace element (<literal>jdbc-user-service</literal> or
                by using the <literal>user-service-ref</literal> attribute to point to a bean
                defined elsewhere in the application context). You can find examples of these
                variations in the <link xlink:href="#ns-auth-providers">namespace
                introduction</link>. </para>
            <section xml:id="nsa-authentication-provider-parents">
                <title>Parent Elements of <literal>&lt;authentication-provider&gt;</literal></title>
                <itemizedlist>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-authentication-manager">authentication-manager</link></listitem>
                </itemizedlist>
            </section>
            <section xml:id="nsa-authentication-provider-attributes">
                <title><literal>&lt;authentication-provider&gt;</literal> Attributes</title>
                <section xml:id="nsa-authentication-provider-ref">
                    <title><literal>ref</literal></title>
                    <para>Defines a reference to a Spring bean that implements <interfacename>AuthenticationProvider
                        </interfacename>.</para>
                    <para> If you have written your own
                        <interfacename>AuthenticationProvider</interfacename> implementation (or want to
                        configure one of Spring Security's own implementations as a traditional bean for
                        some reason, then you can use the following syntax to add it to the internal
                        <classname>ProviderManager</classname>'s list: <programlisting language="xml"><![CDATA[
<security:authentication-manager>
  <security:authentication-provider ref="myAuthenticationProvider" />
</security:authentication-manager>
<bean id="myAuthenticationProvider" class="com.something.MyAuthenticationProvider"/>
    ]]></programlisting></para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-authentication-provider-user-service-ref">
                    <title><literal>user-service-ref</literal></title>
                    <para>A reference to a bean that implements UserDetailsService that may be created using the standard bean
                        element or the custom user-service element.</para>
                </section>
            </section>
            <section xml:id="nsa-authentication-provider-children">
                <title>Child Elements of <literal>&lt;authentication-provider&gt;</literal></title>
                <itemizedlist>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-jdbc-user-service">jdbc-user-service</link></listitem>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-ldap-user-service">ldap-user-service</link></listitem>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-password-encoder">password-encoder</link></listitem>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-user-service">user-service</link></listitem>
                </itemizedlist>
            </section>
        </section>
        <section xml:id="nsa-jdbc-user-service">
            <title><literal>&lt;jdbc-user-service&gt;</literal></title>
            <para>Causes creation of a JDBC-based UserDetailsService.</para>
            <section xml:id="nsa-jdbc-user-service-attributes">
                <title><literal>&lt;jdbc-user-service&gt;</literal> Attributes</title>
                <section xml:id="nsa-jdbc-user-service-authorities-by-username-query">
                    <title><literal>authorities-by-username-query</literal></title>
                    <para>An SQL statement to query for a user's granted authorities given a username.</para>
                    <para>The default is
                        <programlisting><![CDATA[select username, authority from authorities where username = ?]]></programlisting></para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-jdbc-user-service-cache-ref">
                    <title><literal>cache-ref</literal></title>
                    <para>Defines a reference to a cache for use with a UserDetailsService.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-jdbc-user-service-data-source-ref">
                    <title><literal>data-source-ref</literal></title>
                    <para>The bean ID of the DataSource which provides the required tables.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-jdbc-user-service-group-authorities-by-username-query">
                    <title><literal>group-authorities-by-username-query</literal></title>
                    <para>An SQL statement to query user's group authorities given a username.</para>
                    <para>The default is
                        <programlisting><![CDATA[select
  g.id, g.group_name, ga.authority
from
  groups g, group_members gm, group_authorities ga
where
  gm.username = ? and g.id = ga.group_id and g.id = gm.group_id]]></programlisting></para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-jdbc-user-service-id">
                    <title><literal>id</literal></title>
                    <para>A bean identifier, used for referring to the bean elsewhere in the context.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-jdbc-user-service-role-prefix">
                    <title><literal>role-prefix</literal></title>
                    <para>A non-empty string prefix that will be added to role strings loaded from persistent
                        storage (default is "ROLE_"). Use the value "none" for no prefix in cases where the default is non-empty.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-jdbc-user-service-users-by-username-query">
                    <title><literal>users-by-username-query</literal></title>
                    <para>An SQL statement to query a username, password, and enabled status given a username.</para>
                    <para>The default is
                        <programlisting><![CDATA[select username, password, enabled from users where username = ?]]></programlisting></para>
                </section>
            </section>
        </section>
        <section xml:id="nsa-password-encoder">
            <title><literal>&lt;password-encoder&gt;</literal></title>
            <para>Authentication providers can optionally be configured to use a password
                encoder as described in the <link xlink:href="#ns-password-encoder"
                >namespace introduction</link>. This will result in the bean being injected
                with the appropriate <interfacename>PasswordEncoder</interfacename>
                instance, potentially with an accompanying
                <interfacename>SaltSource</interfacename> bean to provide salt values for
                hashing. </para>
            <section xml:id="nsa-password-encoder-parents">
                <title>Parent Elements of <literal>&lt;password-encoder&gt;</literal></title>
                <itemizedlist>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-authentication-provider">authentication-provider</link></listitem>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-password-compare">password-compare</link></listitem>
                </itemizedlist>
            </section>
            <section xml:id="nsa-password-encoder-attributes">
                <title><literal>&lt;password-encoder&gt;</literal> Attributes</title>
                <section xml:id="nsa-password-encoder-base64">
                    <title><literal>base64</literal></title>
                    <para>Whether a string should be base64 encoded</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-password-encoder-hash">
                    <title><literal>hash</literal></title>
                    <para>Defines the hashing algorithm used on user passwords. We recommend strongly against using
                        MD4, as it is a very weak hashing algorithm.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-password-encoder-ref">
                    <title><literal>ref</literal></title>
                    <para>Defines a reference to a Spring bean that implements <interfacename>PasswordEncoder
                        </interfacename>.</para>
                </section>
            </section>
            <section xml:id="nsa-password-encoder-children">
                <title>Child Elements of <literal>&lt;password-encoder&gt;</literal></title>
                <itemizedlist>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-salt-source">salt-source</link></listitem>
                </itemizedlist>
            </section>
        </section>
        <section xml:id="nsa-salt-source">
            <title><literal>&lt;salt-source&gt;</literal></title>
            <para>Password salting strategy. A system-wide constant or a property from the UserDetails object
                can be used.</para>
            <section xml:id="nsa-salt-source-parents">
                <title>Parent Elements of <literal>&lt;salt-source&gt;</literal></title>
                <itemizedlist>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-password-encoder">password-encoder</link></listitem>
                </itemizedlist>
            </section>
            <section xml:id="nsa-salt-source-attributes">
                <title><literal>&lt;salt-source&gt;</literal> Attributes</title>
                <section xml:id="nsa-salt-source-ref">
                    <title><literal>ref</literal></title>
                    <para>Defines a reference to a Spring bean Id.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-salt-source-system-wide">
                    <title><literal>system-wide</literal></title>
                    <para>A single value that will be used as the salt for a password encoder.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-salt-source-user-property">
                    <title><literal>user-property</literal></title>
                    <para>A property of the UserDetails object which will be used as salt by a password encoder.
                        Typically something like "username" might be used.</para>
                </section>
            </section>
        </section>
        <section xml:id="nsa-user-service">
            <title><literal>&lt;user-service&gt;</literal></title>
            <para>Creates an in-memory UserDetailsService from a properties file or a list of "user" child
                elements. Usernames are converted to lower-case internally to allow for case-insensitive lookups, so
                this should not be used if case-sensitivity is required.</para>
            <section xml:id="nsa-user-service-attributes">
                <title><literal>&lt;user-service&gt;</literal> Attributes</title>
                <section xml:id="nsa-user-service-id">
                    <title><literal>id</literal></title>
                    <para>A bean identifier, used for referring to the bean elsewhere in the context.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-user-service-properties">
                    <title><literal>properties</literal></title>
                    <para>The location of a Properties file where each line is in the format of
                        <programlisting><![CDATA[username=password,grantedAuthority[,grantedAuthority][,enabled|disabled]]]></programlisting></para>
                </section>
            </section>
            <section xml:id="nsa-user-service-children">
                <title>Child Elements of <literal>&lt;user-service&gt;</literal></title>
                <itemizedlist>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-user">user</link></listitem>
                </itemizedlist>
            </section>
        </section>
        <section xml:id="nsa-user">
            <title><literal>&lt;user&gt;</literal></title>
            <para>Represents a user in the application.</para>
            <section xml:id="nsa-user-parents">
                <title>Parent Elements of <literal>&lt;user&gt;</literal></title>
                <itemizedlist>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-user-service">user-service</link></listitem>
                </itemizedlist>
            </section>
            <section xml:id="nsa-user-attributes">
                <title><literal>&lt;user&gt;</literal> Attributes</title>
                <section xml:id="nsa-user-authorities">
                    <title><literal>authorities</literal></title>
                    <para>One of more authorities granted to the user. Separate authorities with a comma
                        (but no space). For example, "ROLE_USER,ROLE_ADMINISTRATOR"</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-user-disabled">
                    <title><literal>disabled</literal></title>
                    <para>Can be set to "true" to mark an account as disabled and unusable.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-user-locked">
                    <title><literal>locked</literal></title>
                    <para>Can be set to "true" to mark an account as locked and unusable.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-user-name">
                    <title><literal>name</literal></title>
                    <para>The username assigned to the user.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-user-password">
                    <title><literal>password</literal></title>
                    <para>The password assigned to the user. This may be hashed if the corresponding
                        authentication provider supports hashing (remember to set the "hash" attribute of the
                        "user-service" element). This attribute be omitted in the case where the data will
                        not be used for authentication, but only for accessing authorities. If omitted, the
                        namespace will generate a random value, preventing its accidental use for
                        authentication. Cannot be empty.</para>
                </section>
            </section>
        </section>
    </section>
    <section xml:id="nsa-method-security">
        <title>Method Security</title>
        <section xml:id="nsa-global-method-security">
            <title><literal>&lt;global-method-security&gt;</literal></title>
            <para> This element is the primary means of adding support for securing methods on
                Spring Security beans. Methods can be secured by the use of annotations (defined at
                the interface or class level) or by defining a set of pointcuts as child elements,
                using AspectJ syntax. </para>
            <section xml:id="nsa-global-method-security-attributes">
                <title><literal>&lt;global-method-security&gt;</literal> Attributes</title>
                <section xml:id="nsa-global-method-security-access-decision-manager-ref">
                    <title><literal>access-decision-manager-ref</literal></title>
                    <para>Method security uses the same <interfacename>AccessDecisionManager</interfacename>
                        configuration as web security, but this can be overridden using this attribute. By default
                        an AffirmativeBased implementation is used for with a RoleVoter and an AuthenticatedVoter. </para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-global-method-security-authentication-manager-ref">
                    <title><literal>authentication-manager-ref</literal></title>
                    <para>A reference to an <interfacename>AuthenticationManager</interfacename>
                        that should be used for method security.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-global-method-security-jsr250-annotations">
                    <title><literal>jsr250-annotations</literal></title>
                    <para>Specifies whether JSR-250 style attributes are to be used (for example "RolesAllowed"). This
                        will require the javax.annotation.security classes on the classpath. Setting this to true also
                        adds a <classname>Jsr250Voter</classname> to the
                        <interfacename>AccessDecisionManager</interfacename>, so you need to make sure you do this if
                        you are using a custom implementation and want to use these annotations.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-global-method-security-metadata-source-ref">
                    <title><literal>&lt;metadata-source-ref&gt;</literal> Attribute</title>
                    <para> An external <interfacename>MethodSecurityMetadataSource</interfacename>
                        instance can be supplied which will take priority over other sources
                        (such as the default annotations).
                    </para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-global-method-security-mode">
                    <title>The <literal>mode</literal> Attribute</title>
                    <para>This attribute can be set to <quote>aspectj</quote> to specify that AspectJ
                        should be used instead of the default Spring AOP. Secured methods must be woven
                        with the <classname>AnnotationSecurityAspect</classname> from the
                        <literal>spring-security-aspects</literal> module. </para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-global-method-security-order">
                    <title><literal>order</literal></title>
                    <para>Allows the advice "order" to be set for the method security interceptor.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-global-method-security-pre-post-annotations">
                    <title><literal>pre-post-annotations</literal></title>
                    <para>Specifies whether the use of Spring Security's pre and post invocation annotations (@PreFilter,
                        @PreAuthorize, @PostFilter, @PostAuthorize) should be enabled for this application context.
                        Defaults to "disabled".</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-global-method-security-proxy-target-class">
                    <title><literal>proxy-target-class</literal></title>
                    <para>If true, class based proxying will be used instead of interface based proxying.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-global-method-security-run-as-manager-ref">
                    <title><literal>run-as-manager-ref</literal></title>
                    <para>A reference to an optional <interfacename>RunAsManager</interfacename> implementation which
                        will be used by the configured <classname>MethodSecurityInterceptor</classname></para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-global-method-security-secured-annotations">
                    <title><literal>secured-annotations</literal></title>
                    <para>Specifies whether the use of Spring Security's @Secured annotations should be enabled for this
                        application context. Defaults to "disabled".</para>
                </section>
            </section>
            <section xml:id="nsa-global-method-security-children">
                <title>Child Elements of <literal>&lt;global-method-security&gt;</literal></title>
                <itemizedlist>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-after-invocation-provider">after-invocation-provider</link></listitem>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-expression-handler">expression-handler</link></listitem>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-pre-post-annotation-handling">pre-post-annotation-handling</link></listitem>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-protect-pointcut">protect-pointcut</link></listitem>
                </itemizedlist>
            </section>
        </section>
        <section xml:id="nsa-after-invocation-provider">
            <title><literal>&lt;after-invocation-provider&gt;</literal></title>
            <para> This element can be used to decorate an
                <interfacename>AfterInvocationProvider</interfacename> for use by the security
                interceptor maintained by the <literal>&lt;global-method-security&gt;</literal>
                namespace. You can define zero or more of these within the
                <literal>global-method-security</literal> element, each with a
                <literal>ref</literal> attribute pointing to an
                <interfacename>AfterInvocationProvider</interfacename> bean instance within your
                application context. </para>
                <section xml:id="nsa-after-invocation-provider-parents">
                    <title>Parent Elements of <literal>&lt;after-invocation-provider&gt;</literal></title>
                    <itemizedlist>
                        <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-global-method-security">global-method-security</link></listitem>
                    </itemizedlist>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-after-invocation-provider-attributes">
                    <title><literal>&lt;after-invocation-provider&gt;</literal> Attributes</title>
                    <section xml:id="nsa-after-invocation-provider-ref">
                        <title><literal>ref</literal></title>
                        <para>Defines a reference to a Spring bean that implements <interfacename>
                            AfterInvocationProvider</interfacename>.</para>
                    </section>
                </section>
        </section>
        <section xml:id="nsa-pre-post-annotation-handling">
            <title><literal>&lt;pre-post-annotation-handling&gt;</literal></title>
            <para>Allows the default expression-based mechanism for handling Spring Security's pre and post invocation
                annotations (@PreFilter, @PreAuthorize, @PostFilter, @PostAuthorize) to be replace entirely. Only
                applies if these annotations are enabled.</para>
            <section xml:id="nsa-pre-post-annotation-handling-parents">
                <title>Parent Elements of <literal>&lt;pre-post-annotation-handling&gt;</literal></title>
                <itemizedlist>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-global-method-security">global-method-security</link></listitem>
                </itemizedlist>
            </section>
            <section xml:id="nsa-pre-post-annotation-handling-children">
                <title>Child Elements of <literal>&lt;pre-post-annotation-handling&gt;</literal></title>
                <itemizedlist>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-invocation-attribute-factory">invocation-attribute-factory</link></listitem>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-post-invocation-advice">post-invocation-advice</link></listitem>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-pre-invocation-advice">pre-invocation-advice</link></listitem>
                </itemizedlist>
            </section>
        </section>
        <section xml:id="nsa-invocation-attribute-factory">
            <title><literal>&lt;invocation-attribute-factory&gt;</literal></title>
            <para>Defines the PrePostInvocationAttributeFactory instance which is used to generate pre and post
                invocation metadata from the annotated methods.</para>
            <section xml:id="nsa-invocation-attribute-factory-parents">
                <title>Parent Elements of <literal>&lt;invocation-attribute-factory&gt;</literal></title>
                <itemizedlist>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-pre-post-annotation-handling">pre-post-annotation-handling</link></listitem>
                </itemizedlist>
            </section>
            <section xml:id="nsa-invocation-attribute-factory-attributes">
                <title><literal>&lt;invocation-attribute-factory&gt;</literal> Attributes</title>
                <section xml:id="nsa-invocation-attribute-factory-ref">
                    <title><literal>ref</literal></title>
                    <para>Defines a reference to a Spring bean Id.</para>
                </section>
            </section>
        </section>
        <section xml:id="nsa-post-invocation-advice">
            <title><literal>&lt;post-invocation-advice&gt;</literal></title>
            <para>Customizes the <classname>PostInvocationAdviceProvider</classname> with the ref as the
                <classname>PostInvocationAuthorizationAdvice</classname> for the &lt;pre-post-annotation-handling&gt;
                element.</para>
            <section xml:id="nsa-post-invocation-advice-parents">
                <title>Parent Elements of <literal>&lt;post-invocation-advice&gt;</literal></title>
                <itemizedlist>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-pre-post-annotation-handling">pre-post-annotation-handling</link></listitem>
                </itemizedlist>
            </section>
            <section xml:id="nsa-post-invocation-advice-attributes">
                <title><literal>&lt;post-invocation-advice&gt;</literal> Attributes</title>
                <section xml:id="nsa-post-invocation-advice-ref">
                    <title><literal>ref</literal></title>
                    <para>Defines a reference to a Spring bean Id.</para>
                </section>
            </section>
        </section>
        <section xml:id="nsa-pre-invocation-advice">
            <title><literal>&lt;pre-invocation-advice&gt;</literal></title>
            <para>Customizes the <classname>PreInvocationAuthorizationAdviceVoter</classname> with the ref as the
                <classname>PreInvocationAuthorizationAdviceVoter</classname> for the
                &lt;pre-post-annotation-handling&gt; element.</para>
            <section xml:id="nsa-pre-invocation-advice-parents">
                <title>Parent Elements of <literal>&lt;pre-invocation-advice&gt;</literal></title>
                <itemizedlist>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-pre-post-annotation-handling">pre-post-annotation-handling</link></listitem>
                </itemizedlist>
            </section>
            <section xml:id="nsa-pre-invocation-advice-attributes">
                <title><literal>&lt;pre-invocation-advice&gt;</literal> Attributes</title>
                <section xml:id="nsa-pre-invocation-advice-ref">
                    <title><literal>ref</literal></title>
                    <para>Defines a reference to a Spring bean Id.</para>
                </section>
            </section>
        </section>
        <section xml:id="nsa-protect-pointcut">
            <title>Securing Methods using <literal>&lt;protect-pointcut&gt;</literal></title>
            <para> Rather than defining security attributes on an individual method or class
                basis using the <literal>@Secured</literal> annotation, you can define
                cross-cutting security constraints across whole sets of methods and interfaces
                in your service layer using the <literal>&lt;protect-pointcut&gt;</literal>
                element. You can find an example in the <link
                xlink:href="#ns-protect-pointcut">namespace introduction</link>.</para>
            <section xml:id="nsa-protect-pointcut-parents">
                <title>Parent Elements of <literal>&lt;protect-pointcut&gt;</literal></title>
                <itemizedlist>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-global-method-security">global-method-security</link></listitem>
                </itemizedlist>
            </section>
            <section xml:id="nsa-protect-pointcut-attributes">
                <title><literal>&lt;protect-pointcut&gt;</literal> Attributes</title>
                <section xml:id="nsa-protect-pointcut-access">
                    <title><literal>access</literal></title>
                    <para>Access configuration attributes list that applies to all methods matching the pointcut,
                        e.g. "ROLE_A,ROLE_B"</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-protect-pointcut-expression">
                    <title><literal>expression</literal></title>
                    <para>An AspectJ expression, including the 'execution' keyword. For example, 'execution(int
                        com.foo.TargetObject.countLength(String))' (without the quotes).</para>
                </section>
            </section>
        </section>
        <section xml:id="nsa-intercept-methods">
            <title><literal>&lt;intercept-methods&gt;</literal></title>
            <para>Can be used inside a bean definition to add a security interceptor to the bean and set up access
                configuration attributes for the bean's methods</para>
            <section xml:id="nsa-intercept-methods-attributes">
                <title><literal>&lt;intercept-methods&gt;</literal> Attributes</title>
                <section xml:id="nsa-intercept-methods-access-decision-manager-ref">
                    <title><literal>access-decision-manager-ref</literal></title>
                    <para>Optional AccessDecisionManager bean ID to be used by the created method security interceptor.</para>
                </section>
            </section>
            <section xml:id="nsa-intercept-methods-children">
                <title>Child Elements of <literal>&lt;intercept-methods&gt;</literal></title>
                <itemizedlist>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-protect">protect</link></listitem>
                </itemizedlist>
            </section>
        </section>
        <section xml:id="nsa-method-security-metadata-source">
            <title><literal>&lt;method-security-metadata-source&gt;</literal></title>
            <para>Creates a MethodSecurityMetadataSource instance</para>
            <section xml:id="nsa-method-security-metadata-source-attributes">
                <title><literal>&lt;method-security-metadata-source&gt;</literal> Attributes</title>
                <section xml:id="nsa-method-security-metadata-source-id">
                    <title><literal>id</literal></title>
                    <para>A bean identifier, used for referring to the bean elsewhere in the context.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-method-security-metadata-source-use-expressions">
                    <title><literal>use-expressions</literal></title>
                    <para>Enables the use of expressions in the 'access' attributes in
                        &lt;intercept-url&gt; elements rather than the traditional list of configuration attributes.
                        Defaults to 'false'. If enabled, each attribute should contain a single boolean expression.
                        If the expression evaluates to 'true', access will be granted.</para>
                </section>
            </section>
            <section xml:id="nsa-method-security-metadata-source-children">
                <title>Child Elements of <literal>&lt;method-security-metadata-source&gt;</literal></title>
                <itemizedlist>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-protect">protect</link></listitem>
                </itemizedlist>
            </section>
        </section>
        <section xml:id="nsa-protect">
            <title><literal>&lt;protect&gt;</literal></title>
            <para>Defines a protected method and the access control configuration attributes that apply to it. We
                strongly advise you NOT to mix "protect" declarations with any services provided "global-method-security".</para>
            <section xml:id="nsa-protect-parents">
                <title>Parent Elements of <literal>&lt;protect&gt;</literal></title>
                <itemizedlist>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-intercept-methods">intercept-methods</link></listitem>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-method-security-metadata-source">method-security-metadata-source</link></listitem>
                </itemizedlist>
            </section>
            <section xml:id="nsa-protect-attributes">
                <title><literal>&lt;protect&gt;</literal> Attributes</title>
                <section xml:id="nsa-protect-access">
                    <title><literal>access</literal></title>
                    <para>Access configuration attributes list that applies to the method, e.g. "ROLE_A,ROLE_B".</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-protect-method">
                    <title><literal>method</literal></title>
                    <para>A method name</para>
                </section>
            </section>
        </section>
    </section>
    <section xml:id="nsa-ldap">
        <title>LDAP Namespace Options</title>
        <para> LDAP is covered in some details in <link xlink:href="#ldap">its own
            chapter</link>. We will expand on that here with some explanation of how the
            namespace options map to Spring beans. The LDAP implementation uses Spring LDAP
            extensively, so some familiarity with that project's API may be useful. </para>
        <section xml:id="nsa-ldap-server">
            <title>Defining the LDAP Server using the <literal>&lt;ldap-server&gt;</literal>
                Element</title>
            <para> This element sets up a Spring LDAP
                <interfacename>ContextSource</interfacename> for use by the other LDAP beans,
                defining the location of the LDAP server and other information (such as a
                username and password, if it doesn't allow anonymous access) for connecting to
                it. It can also be used to create an embedded server for testing. Details of the
                syntax for both options are covered in the <link xlink:href="#ldap-server">LDAP
                chapter</link>. The actual <interfacename>ContextSource</interfacename>
                implementation is <classname>DefaultSpringSecurityContextSource</classname>
                which extends Spring LDAP's <classname>LdapContextSource</classname> class. The
                <literal>manager-dn</literal> and <literal>manager-password</literal> attributes
                map to the latter's <literal>userDn</literal> and <literal>password</literal>
                properties respectively. </para>
            <para> If you only have one server defined in your application context, the other
                LDAP namespace-defined beans will use it automatically. Otherwise, you can give
                the element an "id" attribute and refer to it from other namespace beans using
                the <literal>server-ref</literal> attribute. This is actually the bean <literal>id</literal> of the
                <literal>ContextSource</literal> instance, if you want to use it in other
                traditional Spring beans. </para>
            <section xml:id="nsa-ldap-server-attributes">
                <title><literal>&lt;ldap-server&gt;</literal> Attributes</title>
                <section xml:id="nsa-ldap-server-id">
                    <title><literal>id</literal></title>
                    <para>A bean identifier, used for referring to the bean elsewhere in the context.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-ldap-server-ldif">
                    <title><literal>ldif</literal></title>
                    <para>Explicitly specifies an ldif file resource to load into an embedded LDAP server. The ldiff
                        is should be a Spring resource pattern (i.e. classpath:init.ldiff). The default is
                        classpath*:*.ldiff</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-ldap-server-manager-dn">
                    <title><literal>manager-dn</literal></title>
                    <para>Username (DN) of the "manager" user identity which will be used to authenticate to a
                        (non-embedded) LDAP server. If omitted, anonymous access will be used.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-ldap-server-manager-password">
                    <title><literal>manager-password</literal></title>
                    <para>The password for the manager DN. This is required if the manager-dn is specified.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-ldap-server-port">
                    <title><literal>port</literal></title>
                    <para>Specifies an IP port number. Used to configure an embedded LDAP server, for example. The
                        default value is 33389.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-ldap-server-root">
                    <title><literal>root</literal></title>
                    <para>Optional root suffix for the embedded LDAP server. Default is "dc=springframework,dc=org"
                        </para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-ldap-server-url">
                    <title><literal>url</literal></title>
                    <para>Specifies the ldap server URL when not using the embedded LDAP server.</para>
                </section>
            </section>
        </section>
        <section xml:id="nsa-ldap-authentication-provider">
            <title><literal>&lt;ldap-authentication-provider&gt;</literal></title>
            <para> This element is shorthand for the creation of an
                <classname>LdapAuthenticationProvider</classname> instance. By default this will
                be configured with a <classname>BindAuthenticator</classname> instance and a
                <classname>DefaultAuthoritiesPopulator</classname>. As with all namespace
                authentication providers, it must be included as a child of the
                <literal>authentication-provider</literal> element.</para>
            <section xml:id="nsa-ldap-authentication-provider-parents">
                <title>Parent Elements of <literal>&lt;ldap-authentication-provider&gt;</literal></title>
                <itemizedlist>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-authentication-manager">authentication-manager</link></listitem>
                </itemizedlist>
            </section>
            <section xml:id="nsa-ldap-authentication-provider-attributes">
                <title><literal>&lt;ldap-authentication-provider&gt;</literal> Attributes</title>
                <section xml:id="nsa-ldap-authentication-provider-group-role-attribute">
                    <title><literal>group-role-attribute</literal></title>
                    <para>The LDAP attribute name which contains the role name which will be used within Spring
                        Security. Maps to the <classname>DefaultLdapAuthoritiesPopulator</classname>'s
                        <literal>groupRoleAttribute</literal> property. Defaults to "cn".</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-ldap-authentication-provider-group-search-base">
                    <title><literal>group-search-base</literal></title>
                    <para>Search base for group membership searches. Maps to the
                        <classname>DefaultLdapAuthoritiesPopulator</classname>'s <literal>groupSearchBase</literal>
                        constructor argument. Defaults to "" (searching from the root).</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-ldap-authentication-provider-group-search-filter">
                    <title><literal>group-search-filter</literal></title>
                    <para>Group search filter. Maps to the <classname>DefaultLdapAuthoritiesPopulator</classname>'s
                        <literal>groupSearchFilter</literal> property. Defaults to (uniqueMember={0}).
                        The substituted parameter is the DN of the user.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-ldap-authentication-provider-role-prefix">
                    <title><literal>role-prefix</literal></title>
                    <para>A non-empty string prefix that will be added to role strings loaded from persistent.
                        Maps to the <classname>DefaultLdapAuthoritiesPopulator</classname>'s
                        <literal>rolePrefix</literal> property. Defaults to "ROLE_". Use the value "none" for
                        no prefix in cases where the default is non-empty.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-ldap-authentication-provider-server-ref">
                    <title><literal>server-ref</literal></title>
                    <para>The optional server to use. If omitted, and a default LDAP server is registered (using
                        &lt;ldap-server&gt; with no Id), that server will be used.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-ldap-authentication-provider-user-context-mapper-ref">
                    <title><literal>user-context-mapper-ref</literal></title>
                    <para>Allows explicit customization of the loaded user object by specifying a
                        UserDetailsContextMapper bean which will be called with the context information
                        from the user's directory entry</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-ldap-authentication-provider-user-details-class">
                    <title><literal>user-details-class</literal></title>
                    <para>Allows the objectClass of the user entry to be specified. If set, the framework will
                        attempt to load standard attributes for the defined class into the returned UserDetails
                        object</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-ldap-authentication-provider-user-dn-pattern">
                    <title><literal>user-dn-pattern</literal></title>
                    <para>If your users are at a fixed location in the directory (i.e. you can work
                        out the DN directly from the username without doing a directory search), you
                        can use this attribute to map directly to the DN. It maps directly to the
                        <literal>userDnPatterns</literal> property of
                        <classname>AbstractLdapAuthenticator</classname>. The value is a specific pattern
                        used to build the user's DN, for example "uid={0},ou=people". The key
                        "{0}" must be present and will be substituted with the username.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-ldap-authentication-provider-user-search-base">
                    <title><literal>user-search-base</literal></title>
                    <para>Search base for user searches. Defaults to "". Only used with a 'user-search-filter'.</para>
                    <para>If you need to perform a search to locate the user in the directory, then
                        you can set these attributes to control the search. The
                        <classname>BindAuthenticator</classname> will be configured with a
                        <classname>FilterBasedLdapUserSearch</classname> and the attribute values
                        map directly to the first two arguments of that bean's constructor. If these
                        attributes aren't set and no <literal>user-dn-pattern</literal> has been
                        supplied as an alternative, then the default search values of
                        <literal>user-search-filter="(uid={0})"</literal> and
                        <literal>user-search-base=""</literal> will be used. </para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-ldap-authentication-provider-user-search-filter">
                    <title><literal>user-search-filter</literal></title>
                    <para>The LDAP filter used to search for users (optional). For example "(uid={0})". The
                        substituted parameter is the user's login name.</para>
                    <para>If you need to perform a search to locate the user in the directory, then
                        you can set these attributes to control the search. The
                        <classname>BindAuthenticator</classname> will be configured with a
                        <classname>FilterBasedLdapUserSearch</classname> and the attribute values
                        map directly to the first two arguments of that bean's constructor. If these
                        attributes aren't set and no <literal>user-dn-pattern</literal> has been
                        supplied as an alternative, then the default search values of
                        <literal>user-search-filter="(uid={0})"</literal> and
                        <literal>user-search-base=""</literal> will be used. </para>
                </section>
            </section>
            <section xml:id="nsa-ldap-authentication-provider-children">
                <title>Child Elements of <literal>&lt;ldap-authentication-provider&gt;</literal></title>
                <itemizedlist>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-password-compare">password-compare</link></listitem>
                </itemizedlist>
            </section>
        </section>
        <section xml:id="nsa-password-compare">
            <title><literal>&lt;password-compare&gt;</literal></title>
            <para> This is used as child element to <literal>&lt;ldap-provider&gt;</literal>
                and switches the authentication strategy from
                <classname>BindAuthenticator</classname> to
                <classname>PasswordComparisonAuthenticator</classname>.</para>
            <section xml:id="nsa-password-compare-parents">
                <title>Parent Elements of <literal>&lt;password-compare&gt;</literal></title>
                <itemizedlist>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-ldap-authentication-provider">ldap-authentication-provider</link></listitem>
                </itemizedlist>
            </section>
            <section xml:id="nsa-password-compare-attributes">
                <title><literal>&lt;password-compare&gt;</literal> Attributes</title>
                <section xml:id="nsa-password-compare-hash">
                    <title><literal>hash</literal></title>
                    <para>Defines the hashing algorithm used on user passwords. We recommend strongly against
                        using MD4, as it is a very weak hashing algorithm.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-password-compare-password-attribute">
                    <title><literal>password-attribute</literal></title>
                    <para>The attribute in the directory which contains the user password. Defaults to "userPassword".
                        </para>
                </section>
            </section>
            <section xml:id="nsa-password-compare-children">
                <title>Child Elements of <literal>&lt;password-compare&gt;</literal></title>
                <itemizedlist>
                    <listitem><link xlink:href="#nsa-password-encoder">password-encoder</link></listitem>
                </itemizedlist>
            </section>
        </section>
        <section xml:id="nsa-ldap-user-service">
            <title><literal>&lt;ldap-user-service&gt;</literal></title>
            <para> This element configures an LDAP
                <interfacename>UserDetailsService</interfacename>. The class used is
                <classname>LdapUserDetailsService</classname> which is a combination of a
                <classname>FilterBasedLdapUserSearch</classname> and a
                <classname>DefaultLdapAuthoritiesPopulator</classname>. The attributes it supports
                have the same usage as in <literal>&lt;ldap-provider&gt;</literal>. </para>
            <section xml:id="nsa-ldap-user-service-attributes">
                <title><literal>&lt;ldap-user-service&gt;</literal> Attributes</title>
                <section xml:id="nsa-ldap-user-service-cache-ref">
                    <title><literal>cache-ref</literal></title>
                    <para>Defines a reference to a cache for use with a UserDetailsService.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-ldap-user-service-group-role-attribute">
                    <title><literal>group-role-attribute</literal></title>
                    <para>The LDAP attribute name which contains the role name which will be used within Spring
                        Security. Defaults to "cn".</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-ldap-user-service-group-search-base">
                    <title><literal>group-search-base</literal></title>
                    <para>Search base for group membership searches. Defaults to "" (searching from the root).</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-ldap-user-service-group-search-filter">
                    <title><literal>group-search-filter</literal></title>
                    <para>Group search filter. Defaults to (uniqueMember={0}). The substituted parameter is the DN of
                        the user.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-ldap-user-service-id">
                    <title><literal>id</literal></title>
                    <para>A bean identifier, used for referring to the bean elsewhere in the context.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-ldap-user-service-role-prefix">
                    <title><literal>role-prefix</literal></title>
                    <para>A non-empty string prefix that will be added to role strings loaded from persistent
                        storage (e.g. "ROLE_"). Use the value "none" for no prefix in cases where the default is
                        non-empty.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-ldap-user-service-server-ref">
                    <title><literal>server-ref</literal></title>
                    <para>The optional server to use. If omitted, and a default LDAP server is registered (using
                            &lt;ldap-server&gt; with no Id), that server will be used.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-ldap-user-service-user-context-mapper-ref">
                    <title><literal>user-context-mapper-ref</literal></title>
                    <para>Allows explicit customization of the loaded user object by specifying a
                        UserDetailsContextMapper bean which will be called with the context information from the
                        user's directory entry</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-ldap-user-service-user-details-class">
                    <title><literal>user-details-class</literal></title>
                    <para>Allows the objectClass of the user entry to be specified. If set, the framework will
                        attempt to load standard attributes for the defined class into the returned UserDetails object
                        </para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-ldap-user-service-user-search-base">
                    <title><literal>user-search-base</literal></title>
                    <para>Search base for user searches. Defaults to "". Only used with a 'user-search-filter'.</para>
                </section>
                <section xml:id="nsa-ldap-user-service-user-search-filter">
                    <title><literal>user-search-filter</literal></title>
                    <para>The LDAP filter used to search for users (optional). For example "(uid={0})". The
                        substituted parameter is the user's login name.</para>
                </section>
            </section>
        </section>
    </section>
</appendix>